Research On The Supplementary Examination Of Guizhou Provincial Examination In Xianfeng-Tongzhi Period

In the Qing Dynasty,there were clear regulations on the extension and make-up examination of the local examination system,that is,whether the extension or the addition of subjects,they must ask the emperor for an order to carry out the examination.However,in the same period of Xianfeng-Tongzhi,the suspension and make-up examination of the local examination in Guizhou had some characteristics of their own.During the same period of Xianfeng,Guizhou provincial examinations were suspended six times due to the ethnic uprising,five times in Xianfeng Dynasty and two times in Tongzhi Dynasty.Based on the historical materials such as the regulations of imperial examination center,this paper sorts them out from the following aspectsThe first chapter briefly analyzes the reasons for the suspension of the local examination in Xianfeng-Tongzhi period,and analyzes the background of the large-scale and long-term suspension of the local examination from three aspects: finance and economy,social security and the rise of League training.The financial and economic reasons are that under the background of military priority,the corresponding expenditure on culture and education has also been reduced,and the widespread poverty has made it a heavy burden to go to the examination for a long distance;the decline of social security has led to the failure of learning and politics,and also increased the risk of students going to the examination;the rise of League training has led to the deepening of local militarization,and the local gentry,as the participants and organizers of the League training,has become more and more important Regulations and other systems bound the students,and protecting the village became the primary task.The second chapter mainly introduces the general situation of Xianfeng-Tongzhi two dynasties and the suspension of the examination,as well as the examination times of Guizhou’s villages.This paper makes statistics on the age of Guizhou Province in the two dynasties and the areas where the examination was suspended.Taking Lu Renkai and Li Peijing as examples,this paper discusses the suspension of the examination and the changes of the current situation.The third chapter,through the data analysis of the native place of examinees recorded in Xianfeng-Tongzhi period,explores the geographical distribution differences.Before the suspension of the examination,the native places of the examinees were roughly distributed in the "four talent centers".Among the examinees recorded in the three supplementary examinations,the geographical distribution of the first two examinees was concentrated in Shengyuan and its nearby areas.The last supplementary examination obviously took care of remote areas and newly recovered areas after the policy adjustment.Finally,it briefly discusses the influence of the make-up examination on social stability,the development of education and the imperial examination system itself.