Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Cultural Heritage And Its Environmental Impact Factors In Gannan Prefecture

Cultural heritage is the historical mark of social evolution and an important product of human transformation and adaptation to the environment.Through the analysis of the space-time pattern and environmental factors of cultural heritage,we can explore the relationship between man and land in the historical development of a country,nation and region,more clearly recognize its cultural value,and provide new ideas and new basis for the road of sustainable development.Under the background of advocating cultural self-confidence and cultural power,as an important part of territorial spatial planning,the research and protection of cultural heritage has a strong practical demand.Based on the catalogue data of various cultural protection units in Gannan Prefecture and the statistical data of the Bureau of cultural relics,this paper firstly uses the methods of extracting coordinates and geographical registration to locate the cultural heritage in Gannan Prefecture in space;secondly,uses the methods of kernel density estimation(KDE),nearest neighbor analysis(NNA),standard deviation ellipse and other GIS spatial analysis methods to get different types and periods of cultural heritage Finally,combined with the natural environment and human environment factors in the study area,the paper further explores the influence mechanism of the factors on the spatial distribution of cultural heritage.(1)There are six types of cultural heritage in Gannan Prefecture,including ancient sites,ancient tombs,ancient buildings,grottoes and stone carvings,modern and modern important historical and representative buildings and traditional settlements,among which the most ancient sites account for 53.5%;In terms of time distribution,the number of cultural heritage fluctuated greatly in each period,and reached the peak in Ming Dynasty,followed by prehistoric period.(2)The overall spatial distribution pattern of cultural heritage in Gannan Prefecture belongs to agglomeration distribution,and the distribution pattern of "agglomeration transition dispersion" in density;The degree of equilibrium has the characteristics of uneven distribution.The spatial distribution of different types and grades of cultural heritage is mainly concentrated,and the concentration degree of the eastern mountain gorge area and Mountain hilly area is significantly higher than that of the western mountain plain area;It shows the characteristics of annular decline and regional fusion.(3)In the six historical stages defined in this paper,the spatial distribution of Gannan cultural heritage has gradually evolved from "single core gathering" to "multi-core gathering and scattering";Before the Ming Dynasty,the cultural heritage of Gannan Prefecture was concentrated around Lintan Zhuoni.After the Ming Dynasty,Xiahe Hezuo,Diebu Zhouqu and other areas achieved good development results.Especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,driven by the development of Labrang Temple religious culture,the cultural heritage was concentrated around Xiahe Hezuo.(4)Natural environment is the foundation of cultural heritage.The cultural heritage is greatly influenced by the topography,and most of them are distributed in the gentle slope area at medium altitude;Natural factors such as river system and climate environment also affect the distribution pattern and composition of cultural heritage.Human environment is the premise of the existence of cultural heritage.Human environment factors such as population change,trade and transportation and national culture promote the prosperity and change of Gannan cultural heritage.This paper enriches the related research of Gannan cultural heritage by combining quantitative analysis and qualitative discussion.In order to promote the research progress of the spatial and temporal analysis of cultural heritage geography,and provide some reference for the emergence and development of cultural heritage,historical spatial distribution,environmental driving factors and the exploration of its historical and cultural value.