| Risk decision-making is a common form of decision making in People’s Daily life.Previous studies have shown that adolescence is the period when individual risk-taking levels are highest.Frequent risky decision-making not only has a negative impact on the physical and mental development of adolescents;Moreover,the negative effects also spread to other people with whom they have a close emotional connection.After entering adolescence,the peer group becomes the most important interpersonal object besides parents.Research in recent years has revealed that adolescents have different risk preferences when making decisions for themselves and groups,but the results have not been consistent.This study will explore the differences and influencing factors in adolescents’ risk preferences when making decisions for self and for the group.This study consists of three studies,and all the subjects were sophomores.Study1 explored the difference in risk preference between adolescents making decisions for themselves and for their class.A 2(decision object: oneself,class)×2(gender: male,female)two-factor between subject experimental design was adopted with 122 subjects,and the Balloon Analogue Risk Task paradigm was taken as the task.The results show that the main effect of decision object on risk preference is not significant.The main effect of gender was significant,and the risk-taking level of boys was significantly higher than that of girls.The interaction between decision object and gender is significant.The risk-taking level of male students is significantly higher than that of female students when making decision for themselves,but there is no significant difference between male and female students when making decision for the class.The results showed that teenagers would adopt more rational risk-neutral strategies when making decisions for their class,compared with making decisions for themselves,and gain more benefits for the class.In the second study,the results of the first study were repeated to verify the reliability of the results,and the mediating role of internal motivation(guilt)between the decision object and the level of risk neutrality was investigated.The design of the experiment was the same as that of the first study.123 subjects were assigned a series of decision making tasks.The results show that at the level of risk neutrality,both the main effect of the decision object and the main effect of the decision gender are significant.The proportion of the best decision for the class is significantly higher than that for the class itself,and the proportion of the best decision for the boys is significantly higher than that for the girls.The partial mediating effect of internal motivation between decision object and risk neutral level is significant.The higher the level of internal motivation is,the higher the level of risk neutrality is.The third study explored the influence of external motivation(blame avoidance,self-image maintenance)on adolescent’s risk preference in decision making for class.2.Single factor between subject design(external pressure: with or without),with 62 subjects,with the same experimental paradigm as in Study 2.The results show that there is no significant difference in the optimal decision-making proportion between high and low external motivation when making decision for class.The results showed that blame avoidance and self-image maintenance motivation did not affect adolescents,decision making strategies for class. |
