Research On Ethical Risks In The Development Of Autonomous Vehicles

The automatic driving vehicle under artificial intelligence and 5G environment has attracted much attention.Many countries have introduced relevant policies to promote the development of autopilot,and Germany has also promulgated the world’s first ethical code on autopilot.It is undeniable that as an important carrier for the development of intellectualization and networking,the automatic driving vehicle has been the trend of the times,and even has become a major development strategy of many countries.However,with the frequent occurrence of automatic driving accidents worldwide,reflecting on the ethical risks that may arise from the development of autopilot cars has become an important and sensitive issue for science and technology ethics.This paper will focus on the L4-L5 level of automatic driving and study the ethical risks in the development of autopilot cars from the perspective of engineering ethics.The development of the automatic driving vehicle cannot do without the information technology,and the openness and the peep of modern information technology make people’s privacy right easily violated.The limitation of technology itself also causes the collision accident of automatic driving vehicle.In addition,the possibility of moral problems such as tramcar problems also threaten personal life safety and social public safety.In the face of moral problems,what choices should be made by autopilot cars? Different moral schools have different definitions of good and evil,right and wrong,and depend on each other.Different moral decision-making schemes are given.However,due to the "time difference of moral decision-making",the ownership of moral decision-making of autonomous driving is highly controversial.The moral decision of autopilot can not be avoided by either the obligation theory or consequential theory,whether by individual decision or collective agreement.At the same time,autopilot car accidents make the attribution of ethical responsibility become particularly vague.The automatic driving accident involves many interest communities.The technology tool theory and the technology autonomy theory provide an excuse for shirking the ethical responsibility for different interest communities.With the development of the automatic driving vehicle,whether the vehicle itself can have ethical status and assume ethical responsibilities is also controversial.These factors make the ethical responsibility of automatic driving accidents different among different interest communities.Wandering back and forth,the human psychology of "seeking benefits and avoiding harm" helps to make the automatic driving accident fall into the risk of ethical responsibility empty field.Self driving cars will definitely change our way of life in the future.Therefore,we must guard against the ethical risks in the course of its development and ensure that the self driving cars are moving in the right direction.First of all,we should establish the ethical principles of people-oriented,non injury and pre precaution for the development of automatic driving vehicles.Secondly,we should clarify the will of automobile driving decisions,actively improve the moral ability of self driving cars,perfect relevant moral standards and laws and regulations,and form a more complete moral decision-making mechanism to break through the dilemma of moral dilemma.Finally,the specific ethical responsibilities of the engineering community including designers,producers,users and regulators must be clarified to prevent the risk of self-driving cars falling into the void of ethical responsibilities.