The Process Of Fire Driver's Driving Decision And Its Influencing Factors

Driving decision-making refers to a process during which driving behaviors are given rise to and drivers assess and make corresponding choices about the source of risks in various traffic scenes.Such a process s inseparable from the decision-making style and the emotional state of drivers;among which,the style of decision-making is closely linked to behavioral habits.The driving behavior gained through acquired learning is influenced by pre-existing behavioral habits of the individuals during its formation and development;then,for the development of driving decision-making,it is under the impact of behavioral pattern that can be obtained through such acquired experiences.The impact of emotions on driving decision-making is expressed in a fact that,under different emotional states,whether the generation of it is influenced by emergencies taking place in road traffic or not.In addition,according to studies relevant with decision-making,it is deemed that both time pressure and decision-making information representation also have an influence on the strategy selection and the decision-making quality of decision maker.Nevertheless,the driving decision-making of firefighters not only has similar driving situations to those of general drivers,but time pressure and special traffic scenes are driving situations frequently confronted with by them due to the particularity of their work.Therefore,in this paper,features of driving decision-making and influencing factors are described and interpreted for fire-fighting drivers by analyzing the time pressure,the special traffic scene,the decision-making style and the emotional state,primarily including the following four studies.Study 1.Cognitive processing characteristics analysis of driving decision-making of firefighting drivers without time pressure.Concerning study 1-1,videos of measurement without time pressure are worked out to provide efficient research instrument for study 1-2.The Iowa Gambling Task is adopted in study 1-2 to distinguish different decision-making styles for drivers;moreover,Tobii,an eye tracker,is applied to analyzing the differences between general drivers and firefighting ones free of time pressure as well as characteristics of various driving decision-making given by the latter.Study 2.Cognitive processing characteristics analysis of driving decision-making of firefighting drivers with time pressure.With respect to study 2-1,videos of measurement with time pressure are worked out to provide efficient research instrument for study 2-2.The Iowa Gambling Task is adopted in study 2-2 to distinguish different decision-making styles for drivers;moreover,Tobii,an eye tracker,is applied to analyzing the differences between general drivers and firefighting ones under time pressure as well as characteristics of various driving decision-making given by the latter.Study 3.Cognitive processing characteristics analysis of driving decision-making of firefighting drivers in special road traffic scenes.Study 3,the Iowa Gambling Task is adopted to distinguish different decision-making styles for firefighting drivers;moreover,Tobii,an eye tracker,is applied to analyzing the differences of firefighting drivers’ decision-making styles in different road traffic scenes.Study 4.Analysis of decision-making styles and emotional states influencing driving decision-making of firefighting drivers.The revised General Decision-making Style Instrument(GDMSI)and the Profile of Mood States(POMS)are employed here to weigh decision-making styles and.emotional factors impacting their driving decision-making;then,a comparison is made between such research results and those of general drivers.Based on analysis and discussions conducted in the above four researches,main conclusions of this paper can be drawn as follows.(1)Compiled videos of measurement under/free of time pressure are provided with rather favorable applicability;for drivers of different driving decision-making styles,they can be used as effective measurement tools to weigh their identification,estimation and behavior responses,etc.of risk sources in cognitive processing characteristics.(2)Under the circumstance of being free of time pressure,the cognitive processing characteristics of firefighting drivers with different decision-making styles share resemblance with those of general ones.However,firefighting drivers show some superiority at all stages of cognitive processing and have distinct occupational stigmata.(3)In a condition of being under time pressure,risk-taking firefighting drivers are able to identify risk sources,make a rapid judgment and control vehicles securely in a better manner during the cognitive processing.(4)In the special road traffic scenes,firefighting drivers of various decision-making styles have capabilities to identify risk sources,make a judgment rapidly,pay attention to road information positively and control vehicles safely in a more accurate way.(5)Risk-taking firefighting drivers are more independent and more confident;they are inclined to make decisions rapidly.(6)Relative to general drivers,the firefighting ones who have more stable mood are more confident and more energetic.