The Influence Of Subjective Hunger On Intertemporal Decision Making

Intertemporal choice refers to the decision-making behavior made by individuals according to the trade-off between profit and loss at different time points.The difference between the actual value and the anticipated value of a specific commodity or activity increases with the intensity of the visceral factor related to the direct commodity.Driven by the faster pace of life,poor eating habits lead to hunger.When we feel hungry and so on,we will face and make many important economic decisions,and may have long-term consequences.A better understanding of the relationship between these factors and preferences can inspire our understanding of the economic decision-making process.However,most studies seldom discussed the effects of hunger state and individual differences on intertemporal decision-making.This paper took "subjective hunger" as the starting point,and referenced the relevant literature of previous scholars in the field of hunger and intertemporal decisionmaking.Starting from the perspective of individual differences in self-control,this paper explored the influence of implicit concepts of state self-control,trait self-control and willpower(self-control)on intertemporal decision-making.Study 1 initially explored the impact of subjective hunger on intertemporal choice,and conducted preliminary analysis through questionnaires.We predicted that subjective hunger has a positive effect on the delayed discounting rate in intertemporal choice.The higher delayed discounting rate of individuals with high hunger status,the more inclined to choose immediate options.A total of 250 undergraduate and graduate students participated in this questionnaire survey,including 42 male subjects and 194 female subjects.Participants were asked to choose between the SS option and the LL option with monetary task.The research results showed that subjective hunger positively affects the time discounting rate.Subjective hunger is higher,individuals prefer instant options,and time discounting rates are higher.Study 2 recruited 300 college students and graduate students through leaflets and online publicity,including 103 male subjects and 187 female subjects.It is further verified that in the realm of money,state self-control plays an intermediary role in subjective hunger and time discounting rate.However,the implicit concept of willpower has no significant positive moderating effect on the relationship between state self-control and monetary discounting rate.Study 3 explored the moderating effects of trait self-control and implicit concepts(external manipulation)of willpower(self-control),and tested the feasibility of extending the influence of hunger on intertemporal decision-making to the food field.The participates including 53 male subjects and 102 female subjects.The results showed that the implicit concept of willpower(self-control)positively moderates the relationship between state self-control and delayed discounting rate,and trait selfcontrol positively moderates the relationship between subjective hunger and state selfcontrol.Through empirical research,this paper verified the influence and internal psychological mechanism of subjective hunger on intertemporal decision-making,revealed the mediating role of state self-control,the moderating role of trait sub selfcontrol and implicit theory of willpower(self-control),enriched the research on the influence of individual difference and physiological state of intertemporal decisionmaking,and provided enlightenment for optimizing the process of intertemporal decision-making.