Research On Yanzhuo Society In Qin And Han Dynasties

“Yanzhuo” is a regional geographical concept.Geography Chapter in Book of Han says that Yan District,......,possessed Zhuo County,Rongcheng,Fanyang,Beixincheng,Gu’an,Zhuoxian,Liangxiang,Xinchang in its southern part.“Yanzhuo” means the Zhuo County in south of “Yan District”,roughly equivalent to Yixian,Laishui,Gaobeidian,Zhuozhou,and Dingxing in the northern part of Baoding City,Hebei Province,as well as parts of Xushui,Laiyuan,and Xiong’an,and part of Gu’an,Langfang.The ecological environment is one of the basic conditions for regional society and history development.“Yanzhuo” has both Taihang Mountain in its west and piedmont plains with highland and densely population.The rivers represented by Juma River pass through its borders and gather in its east.Abundant water resources become one of the natural foundations for human social activities.The construction and use of “Dukang Canal” have turned “Saline alkali land” into “fertile ground” and improve the local soil conditions.These all set up a necessary stage for “Yanzhuo” social and historical “Big Drama” in the Qin and Han dynasties.Administrative evolution is a direct reflection of the strategy of the supreme ruling group,and also shows the corresponding position of regional society in the whole national system.Emperor Gaozu of the Han “divided Yan into Zhuo”;Emperor Jing of the Han set up fiefdom for“Xiongnu unbeatable rival”;Emperor Wu of the Han “allocate Liangxiang into Zhuo County”.A series of administrative construction adjustments which “strengthen the central forces and weaken the local ones” reflect the trend of strengthening centralization.In the reign of Emperor Guangwu,the provinces combination and counties establishment was probably a helpless move of the central government under the heavy pressure of the frontier ethnic situation,which showed the special status of “Yanzhuo” between the border county and the inner county.Transportation is a vivid embodiment of regional society role in a more macro social system.When the country is in turmoil,“block the road of Taihang Mountain” and “guard Feihukou” are the necessary conditions for the unification.At the time of political peace,the “Handan Guangyang Road” and “Yanqi Road” through “Yanzhuo” laid the foundation for the central government’s administration and regional economic and cultural exchanges.The study of the traffic history of “Yanzhuo” in the Qin and Han Dynasties may be beneficial to a comprehensive understanding of some major historical events.For example,the cultural sites such as Bancheng in Laishui,which are related to Liu Bang’s attack on Xiongnu,are helpful to study the important role of Han Army’s eastern line military action in the whole war situation.Economic and social organization is an important part of regional social research.Archaeological discoveries such as the iron farm tools buried in Yanxiadu Han Tombs and South White Pagoda Well Site in Xushui are helpful to understand the agricultural development level of“Yanzhuo” in the Qin and Han Dynasties.The exquisite cultural relics such as “Copper Head with Ring” unearthed from Yanxiadu,and “Painted Pottery Mirror Desk” unearthed from Zhuozhou Tomb of Eastern Han Dynasty can make people appreciate the achievements of“Yanzhuo” handicraft industry development.The description of “the richest in the world” in On Salt and Iron should be closely related to the development of commerce.Social organizations can provide guarantee for social economy development.In a certain sense,the rich and powerful clan were the representatives of advanced productive forces in Han Dynasty.The rich and powerful clan in “Yanzhuo” experienced a significant change from attaching importance to military in the Western Han Dynasty to economy in the Eastern Han Dynasty,and the local officials represented by the prefect of Zhuo County also changed from advocating law to Confucianism.Culture is the best embodiment of regional society characteristics.The origin and development of the generosity and tragedy of Yanzhao culture are closely related to “Yanzhuo”.The Yellow Emperor is the ancestor of the legendary Chinese ritual and music culture.“Unification in Fu Mountain” is probably related to “Yanzhuo”,laying foundation for generosity and tragic culture.The “Farewell in Yi Shui” staged in the Qin unification became the strongest voice of the generosity and tragic culture.Represented by the descendants of Fanyang’s“Zhongliu Jiji”,the cultural aftermath of “Yan Zhuo” generosity and tragedy is endless in history.Exploring the expansion of the generosity and tragic culture to Zhongshan and Zhao District,and exploring the culture causes,are of positive significance for the reverse understanding of“Yanzhuo” social development during Qin and Han.