A Study On The Short-time Adverb “XShi” In Modern Chinese

Among the adverbs of time in modern Chinese,there are some words with the structural characteristics of “X Shi”(X 时),which are all time-related words and have many similar characteristics.Most of the existing researches on“X Shi”(X 时)are multiple angles studies of a certain word,or comparative studies of two or three words with the same or similar parts of speech,without a systematic and comprehensive exploration of “X Shi”(X 时)time adverbs.Therefore,on the basis of previous studies,this paper will list all the time adverbs of “X Shi”(X 时),and select the most representative group for multiple angles research and comparative study.The full paper is divided into five parts.The first part is the introduction,which introduces the research significance,research object and scope,related research status,research methods and corpus sources,and tries to sum up experience and find some new thinking angles on the basis of previous research results.The second part mainly investigates the semantic features of“X Shi”(X时)from the semantic plane.This paper explores the semantic features of the words“Dunshi”(顿时)“Shashi”(霎时)“Lishi”(立时)and“Dangshi(当时)”,and compares these four words side by side to examine their commonness and individuality.The four“X Shi”(X时)have the semantic features of[+short time]and[+change]in common,and their respective features are distinguished by other different semantic features,which determine the differences in syntactic collocation and pragmatic scope of the four“X Shi”(X时).The third part mainly studies the syntactic features of“X Shi”(X时)from the syntactic level.In the syntactic part,the syntactic position,collocation function and the use with other adverbs of the four words“Dunshi”(顿时)“Shashi”(霎时)“Lishi”(立时)and“Dangshi(当时)”are described and analyzed,and it is found that these four words are different in various aspects,especially the semantics expressed by four “X Shi”(X 时)in similar sentences are vary in different degrees.The fourth part mainly studies the pragmatic features of“X Shi”(X时)from the pragmatic plane.The four words“Dunshi”(顿时)“Shashi”(霎时)“Lishi”(立时)and“Dangshi(当时)”are different in frequency,style,distribution in sentences and subjectivity of adverbs.They are mostly used in written language,can be used in declarative sentences and exclamatory sentences,and all belong to subjective adverbs.The stylistic features of the four“X Shi”(X时)are individuality reside in commonality.The fifth part summarizes the previous research,and draws the conclusion that the four short-term adverbs “X Shi”(X 时)are different in semantics,syntax and pragmatics,and reflects on the shortcomings of this paper,hoping to continue to explore in depth in the future.