Study On The Management Of Activities Of Silla Immigrants In Tang Dynasty

In the middle of the seventh century,the Paikche and Koguryeo people were moved to the Central Plains,and there were also the Silla people who moved to the Tang Dynasty spontaneously.After the eighth century,the Silla people began to move into the Tang Dynasty on a large scale due to the natural disasters and the great famines caused by the successive natural disasters in Silla,and they chose the coastal areas such as the Yellow Sea in China which were closer to Silla.According to the records in the book,these overseas Chinese from Silla had activities in the coastal areas such as Shandong,Zhejiang and Jiangsu,and gradually formed the Silla Village,Silla Square and Silla Courtyard.Ancient China had been open to the outside world since the Qin Dynasty,and the Tang Dynasty also took a positive and open attitude towards the large number of Silla immigrants,and gave various favorable policies and treatment to the Silla immigrants.It was under the influence of this environment that a large number of Silla people poured into the territory of the Tang Dynasty and engaged in various professions and activities.Some of these people lived in the Tang Dynasty for a short time,and some even settled down in the Tang Dynasty.Therefore,in order to better manage the overseas Chinese in Silla,the government of Tang Dynasty specially formulated the management measures suitable for them from various aspects.Based on this,this paper takes how the government of the Tang Dynasty managed the Silla Overseas Chinese as the main research object,and tries to conduct an in-depth discussion on when these Silla people moved in and for what reasons,as well as the activities Silla Overseas Chinese engaged in under this management mode,so as to have a deeper understanding.This paper is divided into five chapters.The first chapter is the introduction,mainly including the research purpose and significance of the topic,related research trends,research methods and innovative points.The second chapter makes a detailed analysis of the historical background and reasons of the Silla emigration to the Tang Dynasty in order to understand why the Silla emigration to the Tang Dynasty.As the most powerful country at that time,the Tang Dynasty had frequent and close exchanges with the surrounding countries.Silla repeatedly sent emissaries to pay tribute,seeking the political and military protection of the Tang Dynasty,and with the help of the Tang Dynasty unified the Korean Peninsula.Except for the conflict between Tang and Silla over the ownership of Koguryo and Paekche,the two countries maintained a peaceful and friendly relationship until the fall of the Tang Dynasty in 907.The Tang Dynasty was strong and prosperous in economic and cultural development,but the development of Silla was relatively backward.Years of natural disasters led to serious famine in Silla,which also led to deepening social conflicts.Many Silla people flooded into the Tang Dynasty,and pirates took the opportunity to sell the hungry people as slaves to the Tang Dynasty.After the Tang Dynasty suppressed the slave trade,some Silla people did not return to China,but also "sent to the village near the sea",forming a settlement of Silla overseas Chinese in the coastal areas.At the same time,Zhang Baogao set up Qinghai Town on Quan Nanguan Island in order to suppress pirates and prohibit human trade.The rise of Zhang Baogao’s maritime power also provided an opportunity for the development of the overseas Chinese in Silla.The preferential policies of Tang Dynasty to foreign nationals also ensured the immigration of Silla nationals.The third chapter focuses on the main activities of Silla expatriates in the Tang Dynasty.The Silla expatriates had a wide range of activities in the Tang Dynasty and engaged in many kinds of work.Due to the advantages of Shandong Peninsula’s geographical location and numerous shipping routes,most of the overseas Chinese from Silla entered the Tang Dynasty,settled in this area and settled together in the form of Xinluo Village.The Silla immigrants in Tang Dynasty was an important base for Zhang Baogao business group to conduct international trade,among which the Chishan Fahua Yuan built by Zhang Baogao was an important trade stronghold between Tang and Luo.In addition,there are Xinluo Fang in Jiangsu and other coastal areas,where the Xinluo overseas Chinese engaged in sailors,translators,merchants and other work,but also carry out various forms of commercial activities.Chuzhou,Yangzhou,Suzhou and other places because of the superior geographical location,attracted a large number of Silla merchants engaged in transportation,commerce,navigation and other trade activities.A large number of Silla students because of the advanced culture of the Tang Dynasty yearning,one after another to the Tang Dynasty to study abroad,the Tang Dynasty also set up for some outstanding students more simple imperial examination system of Bingong Branch,passed the examination of the Tang Dynasty,and after the first allowed to stay in the Tang Dynasty as officials or return to serve the country.The Silla diaspora was also allowed to carry out normal religious activities.The fourth chapter discusses the administration of the Tang Dynasty government to the overseas Chinese in Silla.With the continuous development and strength of the Tang Dynasty,the Tang government actively promoted the inclusive policy of opening up to the outside world.A large number of people from surrounding countries entered the Tang Dynasty.In order to meet the needs of foreign exchanges,the Tang government established an institution specially responsible for dealing with foreign affairs.The government of the Tang Dynasty managed the Silla overseas Chinese mainly through the Silla institutions,namely Goudang Silla Yaya Office,which reflected the autonomy of the Silla overseas Chinese in a certain sense.This kind of autonomy was not only reflected in the fact that the Silla people served as government officials,but also in the fact that the Tang government allowed the Silla people to keep their own customs,such as festivals and Buddhist affairs.The Tang government also adopted a policy of protection for Silla merchants who came to China for trade and provided legal protection for Silla merchants in China.Due to the increasing number of diplomatic activities such as paying tribute and conferring titles,the rulers of the Tang Dynasty formulated and established corresponding systems and institutions to better manage the activities of paying tribute.In the end,it will discuss the Tang Dynasty’s treatment of the overseas Chinese who died in the Tang Dynasty and analyze the social significance of the Tang Dynasty’s management of the overseas Chinese in the Silla.The fifth chapter is the conclusion part,which mainly summarizes and refines the foregoing contents.