Research Of Late Qing Chinese Emerging Organization Names In Missionary Publications

The co-variation of language and society is a fundamental concept in the co-variation theory of sociolinguistics.There is a co-variation relationship between language and society,the change of social life is most easily reflected in the vocabulary of language.The Late Qing Dynasty is a special historical period in the history of our country,when a large number of Chinese emerging organization names produced.They are just like a mirror,faithfully reflecting the picture of the social life of the Late Qing Dynasty in our country,from which we can also reveal the general situation of language development and changes.The thesis basing on Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names in missionary publications,uses synchronic description and diachronic investigation,the combination of quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis,and the combination of the methods of literature retrieval,trying to illustrates the boundaries,category,characteristics,functions as well as the evolution of them.The research has positive significance for the study of the modern Chinese neologisms,the study of loanwords in the Late Qing Dynasty and the study of the history of Chinese vocabulary.Specifically,the thesis includes the following five parts:The first part is the introduction of the thesis.This chapter begins with the co-variation relationship between language and society,introducing the elected topic reason of the article.Secondly,from three aspects,that is,the study of Chinese vocabulary of Late Qing Dynasty,the study of the language in missionary publications and the study of organization names,this chapter introduces the present situation of the research on the topic of the research status at home and abroad.According to the above study status,the problems to be solved are put forward.And then,this chapter illustrates the significance of enriching and improving the study of the modern Chinese neologisms,promoting and deepening the research on loanwords of Late Qing Dynasty and on the history of Chinese vocabulary,etc.And finally,this chapter introduces the scope of corpus,the main content of the thesis,as well as the research methods which are used in this thesis.The second part is the definition and general description of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names.This chapter firstly gives a clear definition of the core concept of Late Qing Chinese Emerging Organization Names,and puts forward three conditions for the definition of them,respectively they are that it must be able to express the concept of organizations,it must be produced under the influence of the Western Learning in the Late Qing Dynasty,and it includes not only words but also phrases.Then,it describes the overall overview of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names in missionary publications,and finally presents them in a quantified form.This part is the basic part of the thesis,which not only describes the overall overview of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names in missionary publications,but also provides corpus for the description and analysis of the following chapters of the thesis.The third part is the origin and types of Late Qing Chinese Emerging Organization Names.Firstly,according to the actual situation that these Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names show three different ways of generation in two aspects on form and meaning,they are divided into three sources,respectively they are the Chinese native words,the neologisms and the loanwords of Japanese origin.Secondly,according to the formation type of vocabulary,they are divided into five syllable types,including two-syllable names,three-syllable names,four-syllable names,five-syllable names and six-syllable names.Then they are divided into 16 structural types.Thirdly,according to the semantic types of words,they are divided into seven semantic categories.Company,Parliament,Hospital,Academy,Library,Post office and the other categories are included.Finally,according to the usage type of vocabulary,they are divided into two types,including the frequently-used names and the seldom-used names.In short,this part is an objective description of the names of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names based on the synchronic statistics.The fourth part is the characteristics and functions of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names.This chapter firstly bases on the former part of the overview of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names and different polymerization between members and its internal types,in which we find out there are at least five aspects of characteristics,respectively they are that there exists the formations of multiple sets of synonymy polymer,neologisms and the Chinese native words are both included,there are less loanwords of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names in missionary publications,nor there exists a unified language unit,they allege new concept and expression of emerging things of Late Qing.Then,this chapter elaborates on the three functions of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names,the first function is marking emerging things of Late Qing,the second function is carrying cultural factors and the third function is enriching the conceptual system of Chinese organizations.In short,this part is an in-depth analysis of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names based on the synchronic description.The fifth part is the development and influence of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names.According to the concrete usage of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names in missionary publications,the chapter indicates that there existing some development trend of the present.And then,through the detailed analysis of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names in the recent Chinese dictionary and the modern Chinese dictionary,with the perspective of history,we summarize the history of evolution of them.Finally,the influence of Late Qing Chinese emerging organization names on the lexical system of the modern Chinese is expounded.They effectively filled the gaps in the Chinese lexical system and expanded the semantic scope of the Chinese native words,and some of them were inherited by later generations,which promoted the generation of such terminology system.In short,this part is mainly about the development and the history of evolution of the Late Qing Chinese Emerging Organization Names,as well as their influence on Chinese lexical system.