A Study Of Prepositional Object Phrases In Guwen Shangshu

Shangshu is the earliest historical document handed down in our country.It mainly records some admonitions,oaths,and conversation records formed by the supreme rulers of Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasties in their political activities.It has precious documentary value.Some of the 58 surviving Shangshu articles are consistent with the 28 articles of Jinwen Shangshu handed down by Fu Sheng,and the other part is not in Jinwen Shangshu.It is called Guwen Shangshu.The issue of falsehood has been controversial since the Song Dynasty,but its documentary value cannot be ignored in the study of Shangshu.This dissertation intends to start from the language aspect,carry out exhaustive statistics and analysis of the prepositional phrases in Guwen Shangshu,discuss the composition of the prepositional phrases in Guwen Shangshu,and then discuss the prepositional phrases from multiple perspectives such as syntax,semantics and pragmatics.Perform functional analysis,and finally compare the characteristics and similarities and differences of prepositional phrases in Jinwen and Guwen Shangshu,and strive to provide new references for Chinese grammatical rules and document discrimination.The introduction part first expounds the value of the ancient prose Shangshu in linguistics,historical data and ideological research.Secondly,I sorted out the research situation of prepositional phrases in Guwen Shangshu,and found that the academic research on prepositional phrases in Shangshu is mostly limited to Jinwen Shangshu.Guwen Shangshu lacks special discussion,and finally selected static description and dynamic comparison.Combine and combine quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis to carry out research.The first chapter judges the prepositional phrase in Guwen Shangshu.First,it distinguishes between prepositions,verbs and conjunctions,and on this basis,it is concluded that the preposition has the object of introduction,the place of introduction,and the introduction based on the content introduced by the preposition.Introducing time,introducing reason,and introducing by virtue of these five types.Among them,the use cases for introducing the object are the most,and the reasons for introducing the reason are the least.As far as the preposition itself is concerned,the preposition "Yu" is used the most frequently and the usage is also the most complicated.It is often a word with multiple uses and can introduce multiple semantic roles.Nouns are most commonly used as objects in prepositional phrases,while adverbial phrases have the least use cases.Only the preposition"Yu" has this usage.All prepositional phrases that omit the object are located before the predicate.In addition,the prepositional phrases in Guwen Shangshu are located after the preposition.Chapter Two analyzes the functions of prepositional phrases in Guwen Shangshu,mainly from three aspects:syntax,semantics and pragmatics.Syntactic analysis discusses the syntactic position and syntactic function of the prepositional phrases in Guwen Shangshu.It can be summarized into three types:prepositional phrases can be located before and after the predicate center,prepositional phrases are located after the predicate center,and prepositional phrases are located before the predicate center;from the perspective of grammatical composition,the prepositional phrase in Guwen Shangshu is mainly used in the sentence.Adverbial and complement.Semantic analysis is to select three groups of prepositional phrases of the same type for comparison;the pragmatic analysis part divides the concealment of prepositions in Guwen Shangshu into two cases:prepositions must be used and prepositions can be saved,and the syntactic position and syntax of preposition phrases are found.The environment and the structure of prepositional phrases are the three factors that affect the looming of prepositions.The prepositional phrase at the beginning of the sentence in Guwen Shangshu is usually used as the subject,and the prepositional phrase at the end of the sentence usually has a focus function.The third chapter compares the usage characteristics of prepositional phrases in Jinwen Shangshu and Guwen Shangshu.From the language development and changes of the Jinwen and Guwen Shangshu,we can see that there are three situations of disappearance,substitution and retention of prepositions.From the analysis of the composition of the prepositional phrase,the type of the introduction object is the most used case in Jinwen Shangshu and Guwen Shangshu,and the use case of the introduction cause object is the least of the two.Analyzed from the perspective of prepositional case,the prepositional phrase is divided into five cases:object case,place case,time case,tool case and cause case,and divide them into three levels for a comparative discussion of grammatical functions and a hierarchical comparison Among them,the deep-semantic relationship between the first-level case and the verb is the closest,which is applicable to both the Jinwen Shangshu and Guwen Shangshu.Both also have the phenomenon that prepositions have multiple case relations.Correspondingly,the same case relation also has multiple case signs.Regarding the hierarchical nature of the case of prepositions,there are only two cases in which the case mark is located before the verb and the case mark can be located before the verb or after the verb in Guwe n Shangshu.Finally,by analyzing the position of prepositional phrases,it can be found that Jinwen Shangshu and Guwen Shangshu follow the principle of prepositional phrases appearing less before and after more,and there is a large disparity between the front and back.Obviously,this is more reflected in Guwen Shangshu.