Study On The Political Development And Nationalization Process Of The Chieftain In Northeast Guizhou During The Yuan And Ming Dynasties

Northeast Guizhou during the yuan and Ming dynasties,it includes Bijiang District,Wanshan Special District,Yinjiang County,Dejiang County,Jiangkou County,Shiqian County,Yanhe County,Songtao County and Sinan County in today’s Tongren Region,as well as Wuchuan County and Fenggang County in Zunyi Region,etc.It is belong to Sizhou An fu si manor When the Yuan dynasty,belong to Sinan and Sizhou two Pacification Office’s manor in the early Ming dynasty.After Yongle eleven years,The abolition of the institution of chieftain to set up the prefecture,it is belong to Sinan,Shiqian,Wuluo,Tongren,Sizhou four prefecture area.This area is one of the earliest places in Guizhou to be included in national administrative construction and development,and also the regions with more chieftain in Guizhou.The institution of chieftain and nationalization is a traditional research point of social history of chieftain region.This paper focuses on the Political Development and Nationalization Process of the Chieftain in Northeast Guizhou during the yuan and Ming dynasties: The process of nationalization is the development and governance of northeast Guizhou from the top to the bottom all previous dynasties dynasty;The political development of chieftain discusses the rise and fall process and distribution of chieftain in northeast Guizhou,and also the stability of the political structure is maintained by the relations of the same clan,in-laws and go out to battle.The interaction between the central and local governments in northeast Guizhou has promoted the development of nationalization of northeast Guizhou.When central government control of local governments is weak,the local aborigines rise and develop,forming the power to fight and game with the central government at the local level.The institution of chieftain is the result of the competition between the central and local powers,the interaction between them promotes the nationalization development of northeast Guizhou.Throughout the nationalization development of northeast Guizhou,the general trend of integration,state power entry process and local power(chieftain)response,the political divide-and-rule pattern formed by local power.Finally,under the influence of state and local power,local ethnic groups changed from "outside" to "inside".Has formed the northeast Guizhou unique nationalization course characteristic.The author uses the combination of historical documents and field data,analyzed the historical process of national development and political development of chieftain,explore the characteristics of the nationalization process of northeast Guizhou,thus analyzes the northeastern guizhou tusi political period of social development law.The thesis mainly discusses the following chapters: Firstly,tracing back to the process of the development and governance of Northeast Guizhou by the Central Plains Dynasty before the Yuan Dynasty,and forming a systematic knowledge of the development and governance of the Central Plains Dynasty in the northeast of Guizhou.Secondly,it discusses the governance of Northeast Guizhou by the Central Plains Dynasty during the Yuan and Ming dynasties,and reveals the establishment process and governance mode of the chieftain system in Northeast Guizhou.Thirdly,it expounds the origin,distribution,development and decline of the chieftain in northeast Guizhou.At the same time,it analyzes the relationship between the chieftain and the law of the formation and stability of the political pattern of the chieftain.Finally,through the summary of the above chapters,this paper finds out the characteristics formed in the process of nationalization in northeast Guizhou.Through the carding and analysis of the top-down development and governance process of the dynasty,and the political development process of the local chieftains themselves.We can konw the interaction among dynasty,chieftain,and ethnic groups in the process of nationalization in northeast Guizhou.It does not only form the nationalization process from the state develops the local area to the old name rises in the local area,then to the state manages the chieftain and to changing territorial tribal chiefs into officials.At the same time,it formed a chieftain political pattern of staggered distribution,mutual decentralization and mutual checks and balances,as well as the impact of national development and chieftain development on the formation and evolution of local ethnic groups.Therefore,the research on the political development and nationalization process of the chieftain in northeast Guizhou during the Yuan and Ming dynasties can not solely enrich the academic research content and paradigm of the chieftain system and regional nationalization,but deepen the understanding of the social history of the ethnic minority areas in Wuling Mountain,which has a certain practical significance to the political,economic,cultural and resource development of the minority areas.