The Gambling Phenomenon Of The Banner People Social In Mukden Area Of Qing Dynasty

The Manchu documents in Heitu archives record a large number of cases of bannermen gambling in Shengjing area.From the perspective of social history,we can see the special group living under the eight Banners system,make up for the deficiencies in the history of bannermen social life and activities,reverse the researchers’ overall macro narrative and stereotype of this special group,and view this existence from the perspective of micro cases People living under the Eight Banners system.Through the translation and interpretation of the specific gambling cases in the Manchu documents of the Yongzheng Dynasty,we can see the phenomenon of the social activities of the gambling of the flagmen(especially the flagmen in Shengjing’s nei wu fu)in Shengjing district.After the Fengtian general yamen took the relevant gambling personnel and transferred them to Shengjing’s criminal department,when the relevant personnel recorded the confession process,such as involving Shengjing’s internal affairs office flag When a person gambles,the corresponding Shengjing penalty department will check the specific identity of the person to Shengjing’s internal affairs office.The Shengjing penalty department first proposes to sentence the flagman involved in the gambling case according to the Qing Dynasty law,and then changes the punishment according to the flagman’s identity,and carries out the actual punishment according to the Manchuria law.This legal practice reflects the integration of the Qing Dynasty law and the Manchuria law.It is not because of its judicial privilege,but because of its special function under the Eight Banners system that the flagman can change his sentence.In the gambling cases,it shows that the flagman was not treated by the law of transferring punishment,but was sent according to the law.In the process of the trial of gambling cases,in addition to checking the specific identity of gambling personnel,different penalties will be imposed on the flagman due to different forms of gambling participation.For example,the illegal acts of pure participation in gambling and the illegal acts of harbouring gambling,making and selling gambling equipment will be punished correspondingly,but the sentencing standards are different,and the specific penalties are different.In addition tothe punishment for flag bearers involved in gambling,the official in charge will also be punished for the crime of dereliction of duty.The official in charge will also be punished for different grades and joint and several liabilities,and different punishment will be given for different illegal gambling ways of the personnel under his control.In addition to being held responsible for oversight,the officials will also be encouraged to take gamblers.Gambling is a kind of social activity in which people are mixed up,which inevitably brings unstable factors to social security.Therefore,the punishment of gambling by the Qing government is not only related to the conduct and livelihood of the flag people,but also related to social governance and stability.