Analysis Of Humanism In Bulgakov’s Novels From The Perspective Of Fromm

In the 1960 s,with the rise of the "thawing" trend of Soviet literature,a group of works of Soviet writers that had been banned for a long time returned to the public,among which Mikhail Bulgakov’s works were the most representaive.Bulgakov’s work is closely connected with social reality,he reveals the dark side of the society with sharp strokes,and gives an insight into the distorted humanity with keen eyes.His fantastic art form arouses people’s thinking on morality and shows himself the profound humanitarian thought.Erich Fromm,humanitarian ethicist in the West in the 20 th century,he analyzes thoroughly various morbidities in modern society and the alienation of humanity,putting forward a complete method of saving human spiritual dilemma and building a sound society.Fromm’s research on human provides us with a more scientific and objective perspective to deeply understand the humanitarian thought in literary works.This article attempts to analyze the humanitarian ideas contained in Bulgakov’s novels by adopting Fromm’s humanitarian theory.The paper consists of four chapters: Chapter One analyzes the morbidity and crisis in the society represented in the novel,mainly including the shortage of survival materials,the prevalence of authoritarianism,and the abuse of science and technology.Chapter Two explores the morbid personality of the individual under the social discipline and oppression,which is manifested as a crazy possessiveness,a mentality of escaping freedom,and a numbness and indifference of rationality.Chapter Three summarizes the way of constructing the ideal moral spiritual world that the author reposes in the novel,combined with Fromm’s views on good,evil,love,faith and truth,etc.,further confirming the profoundness of Bulgakov’s novel humanitarian thinking and deep humanistic care.Chapter Four evaluates the humanitarian thoughts in Bulgakov’s novels.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of humanitarian thoughts,it also discusses the limitations and significance in contemporary society.