Research On The Combination Of Sacrificial Articles In Yin Ruins

Since the official excavation of Yin Ruins,scholars have paid great attention to the sacrificial remains,using archaeological excavations and oracle bone inscriptions to study the sacrificial system of the Shang Dynasty,and have achieved fruitful results.Scholars have done more in-depth research on the nature,types,objects,handling methods and other issues of the sacrificial remains.Especially in recent years,Mr.Xie Su’s monograph “Shang Dynasty Sacrificial Remains Research” has studied the sacrificial remains of the Shang Dynasty.A more comprehensive and systematic study has been done.However,current scholars still have insufficient combing of the sacrifice combinations seen in the sacrifice remnants of Yin Ruins,especially the lack of in-depth discussion on the standardization of sacrifice etiquette behind the sacrifice combination.On the basis of the research of former sages,this thesis combs the sacrificial offerings found in the sacrifices of Yin Ruins to show the standardization of sacrificial rituals of the late Shang Dynasty and its important role in the construction of the late Shang society.The full thesis is divided into six parts.The first part is the Introduction,which mainly elaborates and defines related concepts,determines the research object of this article,summarizes the history and current situation of the research on sacrificial remains,and proposes the purpose,significance and methods of this thesis.The second part is to study and discuss the sacrificial remains of Yin Ruins and architecture.Based on the sequential steps of building construction,combined with previous scholars’ research,it is divided into “oundation laying” remains before building construction,sacrificial remains during construction,sacrificial remains after building is completed,and some may be related to architecture.The remains of the sacrifice.According to the difference in time and space distribution,the differences in the combination of sacrifices are discussed separately,and the differences are systematically sorted and summarized.The third part discusses the sacrificial remains of Yin Ruins and tombs.According to the different positions or layers of the distribution of sacrificial remains,the combination of sacrificial offerings used in waist pit,tomb,earth filling and cemetery is discussed,and the correlation between the combination of sacrificial offerings and tomb level is also paid attention to.The fourth part studies and discusses other relics related to sacrificial activities in Yin Ruins.The first section makes an in-depth investigation and study of the sacrificial remains related to handicraft industry;the second section mainly investigates the sacrificial remains that may be related to the destruction and abandonment of the capital;the third section makes a systematic review of the sacrificial remains with unknown sacrificial objects,focusing on discussing the differences of sacrificial combination and the objects of sacrificial remains.The fifth part discusses the issues related to sacrificial offerings.There is a wealth of historical and cultural information behind the sacrificial offerings of the Yin Ruins.There seems to be a certain connection between the strict and standardized sacrificial rituals in the late Shang period and the stable social order.In addition,the combination of sacrificial offerings could reflect the economic and cultural exchanges between the powerful and prosperous Shang Dynasty and the surrounding areas.There is a positive correlation between the combination of sacrificial offerings and the level and scale of architecture and burial.The combination of sacrificial offerings was positively correlated with the scale,importance and complexity of handicraft workshops,and the types and quantities of sacrificial offerings used in copper casting workshops were more than those used in other handicraft workshops.