A Study On Japanese Verb Instruction Suitable For Chinese Learners

This paper focuses on the verb learning project in Japanese teaching grammar and explores what guidance should be adopted to improve the effect of education and learning.For a long time,Japanese majors in Chinese universities have borrowed Japanese"school grammar" in their practical teaching.However,nowadays,with the increasing demand for Japanese education in China,it is more and more necessary to construct a set of Japanese teaching grammar system suitable for Chinese learners in order to better meet the learning conditions and actual needs of Chinese students.As an important part of teaching grammar,verbs are difficult and important to learners in terms of their meanings,usage s and collocation of case particles.Therefore,in practical teaching,we should not only pay attention to the characteristics of Japanese verbs,but also make full use of Chinese learners existing mother tongue knowledge and cognitive ability to acquire Chinese Japanese verbs.This paper around the collocation of Japanese verbs and auxiliary words,polysemous verbs,sahen verbs,compound verbs,synonymous verbs,through concrete examples to find a suitable for Chinese learners of Japanese verbs guidance method.The analysis results are as follows.①The learning of verbs is inseparable from auxiliary word.The correct collocation of case auxiliary is the basis of learning Japanese verbs well.For example,polysemous verbs follow different case auxiliary words according to different meanings and usages.Therefore,when teachers explain the central meaning of verbs,they can introduce the idiomatic examples of "noun＋auxiliary word+verb",so that students can understand the relationship between the usage of polysemous verbs and phrases.②When guiding sahen verbs,by comparing stem with similar Chinese words,such as"感动する”,“结束する”,we can reduce the misuse caused by the misjudgment of other parts of speech and the misunderstanding of meaning③When guiding compound verbs,the theoretical knowledge such as combination conditions and restriction principles of compound verbs can be appropriately supplemented to correct learners’ self-created wrong vocabulary.Sum up productive morphemes,such as "～合う ","～拔<",to enrich learners’ vocabulary and strengthen their awareness of using compound verbs.④When guiding synonymous verbs,focus on analyzing the differences between the verbs,sum up their substitutable and non-substitutable usage,and judge the relationship between the verbs(including the relationship,adjacency relationship,cross relationship,etc.).For"试みる","试す",the Chinese word stem of the verb can also be analyzed by combining the knowledge of mother tongue appropriately to find the common ground between Chinese and Japanese languages.