Acquisition Study Of Spanish-speaking Learners On Chinese Directional Complement

Directional Complement structure is an important structure in the form of Chinese Complement structure.We frequently use it in daily life,but this complicated,rich,ideographic structure is very hard for Chinese learners to acquire.Though,Spanish structure is flexible and diverse,but doesn’t emphasize the meaning of directional complement.There isn’t exactly corresponding structure like directional complement in Chinese.Spanish-speaking students,while acquiring Chinese Directional Complement structure exhibit a series of problems,and find it difficult to master the grammar points.In this paper,based on comparative analysis of language,error analysis and interlanguage theory,and through the collection and analysis of students’ daily use sentences,we try to find their errors and their cause,and try to help students solve problems and improve the efficiency of acquisition.In this paper,we collected a total of about 10 million words from the students and collected results.Through extracting and analyzing all of the directional complement sentences,we found that:First,beginner level students who master the structure tend to complement the overall qualification.The overall accuracy was 60.4%,but some appears with high frequency but low accuracy,such as "回" only 40.0%,reflecting the presence of differentiation of how students learn verbs;Second,the major problems in the acquisition of native Spanish speakers tend to be not grasping the applicable conditions well and only partly understanding the structure,which caused some problems,such as overgeneralization and avoiding the use of the relevant structure.Third,students showed relatively few structural problems about acquisition of the order;Fourth,students grasp the meaning of Directional Complement quite well,the overall accuracy rate was 80.0%;Five,by the corpus restrictions,and other uncontrollable reasons,we couldn’t collect lots of sentences on complex directional complement,so we just have a basic research on complex directional complement.We also did some study on the Spanish-speaking Chinese learners on the acquisition of order of directional verbs,and get our basic acquisition order of the directional verbs.Finally,to help Spanish-speaking students better complement this acquisition trend,based on student performance and analyze the causes of the problems,we have a comprehensive acquisition order and considered reasonable teaching methods,and then raised some suggestions.Our suggestions involve teaching forms,teaching methods involved,and the order.We also examined the now commonly used textbooks for Spanish-speakers and pointed out existing problems,and also raised some suggestions for how to explain the grammar,practice design,supplementary materials,materials science,etc.