Study On The Prevalence And Influencing Factors Of Depressive Symptoms Among College Students In Jilin Province

Objective:This study was to understand the status of depressive symptoms among college students through analysis,and to explore the influencing factors of depressive symptoms from the basic personal characteristics,illness and suspension of schooling,behavioral lifestyles,injury related behaviors and Internet addiction.At the same time,the importance of the influencing factors of depressive symptoms and the role of physical activity in the impact of Internet addiction on depressive symptoms were discussed in detail.Accordingly,targeted intervention measures are put forward,so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of depression symptoms and improving the mental health level of college students.Methods:The data of this study is from the monitoring project of common diseases and health influencing factors of students in Jilin Province in 2019.Using random cluster sampling method,freshman to junior college students from nine universities in nine cites or prefectures of Jilin Province,including Changchun,Jilin,Siping,Liaoyuan,Tonghua,Baishan,Songyuan,Baicheng and Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefectures,are selected as respondents.A total of 2400 questionnaires were distributed,and 2320 valid questionnaires were in line with the research purpose.The questionnaire includes basic personal information,lifestyle,injury related behaviors,Internet addiction,depressive symptoms and so on.Epidata 3.1 was used to establish database and entry data,and IBM SPSS 24.0 and RStudio were used to perform the statistical analyses.Results:1.The prevalence of depressive symptoms among participants was 21.3%.2.Gender,grade,lived with parents in the last six months or not,frequency of eating sweet food,frequency of eating vegetables,watch TV or computer at least two hours every day or not,sleep time,sufferred injury related behaviors or not,Internet addiction or not were influence factors of depressive symptoms（P<0.05）.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were girls was 1.306 times（95% CI :1.049-1.626）than boys.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who were in the second and third grade were 1.431 times（95% CI:1.100-1.860）and 1.641 times（95% CI:1.259-2.139）than participants who were in the first grade,respectively.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who didn’t live with parents in the last six months was 1.425 times（95% CI:1.098-1.850）than who lived with parents in the last six months.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who eat sweet food more than or equal to once a day was 1.788 times（95% CI:1.259-2.540）than who eat sweet food less than once a day.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who eat vegetables less than once a day was 1.391 times than who eat vegetables more than or equal to once a day.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who watch TV or computer more than or equal two hours was 1.309 times（95% CI:1.035-1.655）than who watch TV or computer less than two hours.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who have insuffcient or excessive sleep time was1.480 times（95% CI:1.172-1.869）than who have sufficient sleep time.The risk of depressive symptoms in participants who sufferred injury related behaviors was 2.703times（95% CI:2.012-3.631）than who didn’t suffer injury related behaviors.The risk of depressive symptoms in Internet addicts was 4.610 times（95% CI:3.137-6.777）than non Internet addiction.3.According to the random forest,the importance of the influencing factors of depressive symptoms of the respondents from large to small is: Internet addiction,grade,sufferred injury related behaviors or not,sex,lived with parents in the last six months or not,sleep time,frequency of eating vegetables,watch TV or computer at least two hours every day or not,frequency of eating sweet food.4.The risk of depressive symptoms in Internet addicts was 6.978 times（95% CI:3.433-14.181）than non Internet addiction when they are without medium and high physical activity;The risk of depressive symptoms in Internet addicts was 3.699 times（95% CI:1.913-7.154）than non Internet addiction when the frequency of medium and high physical activity was 1-2 times/ week;The risk of depressive symptoms in Internet addicts was 4.080 times（95% CI:2.051-8.116）than non Internet addiction when the frequency of medium and high physical activity was more than or equal to 3times/ week.Conclusions:1.The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students in Jilin Province is high,and the depressive symptoms of college students need to be improved.2.The risk factors of depressive symptoms of college students were: Internet addiction,higher grade,injury related behaviors,female,not living with parents in the last six months,insufficient or excessive sleep time,low frequency of eating vegetables,long screen time and high frequency of eating sweet food.3.According to the random forest,whether Internet addiction,grade and sufferred injury related behaviors or not have a great impact on the occurrence of depressive symptoms,followed by gender,whether living with parents in recent half a year,sleep time,frequency of eating vegetables,whether the screen time is too long and frequency of eating sweet food.4.Regular physical activity can reduce the effect of Internet addiction on depressive symptoms.