| Objective:To study and analyze the composition of urinary calculi in southern Shandong province,and to explore the relationship between the composition of urinary calculi and gender,age and location of the disease,as well as to compare it with other regions at home and abroad,so as to provide basis for the treatment and prevention of recurrence of local urinary calculi patients.Methods:A total of 340 patients with urinary calculi who were admitted to Linyi People’s Hospital from April 2017 to June 2018 were selected.All patients underwent surgical treatment and we got stones by surgery.The composition of the stone was determined by infrared spectroscopy and analyzed in combination with clinical data.Results:In 340 cases of stone samples,the age was 12-89 yeas old,with the mean age of(53.36±25.46)years,and the age of high incidence was 45-59 years old,totaling 148 cases.There were 236 male patients and 104 female patients,and the male to female ratio was 2.27:1.Besides,there were 274 cases of kidney stones,26 cases of ureteral stones,40 cases of bladder stones,and 0 cases of urethra stones,in other words,the ratio of upper and lower urinary calculi was 7.50:1.And there were 5 kinds of pure stones and 179 cases in total,18 kinds of mixed component stones and 161 cases in total,accounting for 52.65%and 47.35% of the total stones respectively.In addition,108 cases(31.76%)of pure stones were calcium oxalate monohydrate,and 66 cases(19.41%)of mixed component stones were calcium oxalate monohydrate + apatite carbonate.In addition,the obtained stone specimens were divided into five categories:calcium oxalate stones,uric acid stones,infectious stones,hydroxyapatite and L-cystine stones.In the composition of various urinary calculi,calcium oxalate stones were the most in 255 cases(75.00%),among which247 cases(72.65%)of calcium oxalate monohydrate and 30 cases(8.82%)of calcium oxalate dihydrate.Next there were 121 cases(35.59%)of uric acid stones,including 112 cases of anhydrous uric acid(32.94%),12 cases of ammonium hydrogen urate(3.53%),and2 cases of dihydrate uric acid(0.59%).Infectious calculi were found in 110 cases(32.35%),including 109 cases of apatite carbonate(32.06%)and 14 cases of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate(4.12%).In other calculi,18(5.29%)were hydroxyapatite and 1(0.29%)was L-cystine.In terms of gender,there was no significant difference in the detection rate of various stone components between men and women(P>0.05).However,on the one hand,in terms of age,the highest detection of calcium oxalate stones and uric acid stones were respectively found in the young group(19-44 years old)and the elderly group(over 60 years),with statistical significance(P<0.05).On the other hand,the detection rate of calcium oxalate stones in the upper urinary tract was higher than that in the lower urinary tract,and the detection rate of uric acid stones in the lower urinary tract was higher than that in the upper urinary tract,so the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Lastly,compared with other areas at home and abroad,the composition of urinary calculi in southern Shandong had certain specificity.The detection rates of uric acid calculi and infectious calculi were higher,and the number of pure calculi and mixed component calculi was similar,which was different from other areas.Conclusion:The urinary calculi in Lunan area is dominated by calcium oxalate,followed by uric acid calculi and infectious calculi.What’s more,there are difference in age and location of the composition of urinary calculi.Firstly,calcium oxalate calculi rank the highest proportion in young group(19-44 years old),uric acid calculi rank the highest proportion in old group(>60 years old).Secondly,the detection rate of calcium oxalate calculi in upper urinary tract is higher than that in lower urinary tract,and the detection rate of uric acid calculi in lower urinary tract is higher than that in upper urinary tract.Besides,there was no statistical difference in the distribution of various stone components between male and female patients.Lastly,the detection rate of uric acid calculi and infectious calculi in Lunan area is higher than that in other areas at home and abroad,which may be closely related to the dietary habits and living environment of residents in this area. |
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