Study On Sedative And Hypnotic Effects Of Roots And Rhizomes Of Acanthopanax Senticosu And Acanthopanax Sessiliflorus

In the 21st century,more and more people suffer from insomnia,and they tend to be younger and younger.Sleep disorders can increase the prevalence of other diseases and decrease happiness.How to improve sleep disorders has gradually become the focus of attention.Chemical synthetic sedative hypnotic is a common drug for the treatment of sleep disorders,although the therapeutic effect is remarkable,if used for a long time,it is likely to produce toxic and side effects on human body.Therefore,it has become the main method and important way to treat sleep disorders with pure natural herbs.To compare the sedative and hypnotic effects and mechanism of action of SENR-W（water extract of Acanthopanax senticosus root bark）、SENR-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax senticosus root bark）、SENRH-W（water extract of Acanthopanax senticosus rhizome）、SENRH-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax senticosus rhizome）and SESR-W（water extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus root bark）、SESR-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus root bark）、SESRH-W（water extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus rhizome）、SESRH-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus rhizome）,to explore the feasibility of replacing A.senticosus with A.sessiliflorus.1.Sedative and hypnotic activities and mechanisms of water and ethanol extracts from roots and rhizomes of Acanthopanax senticosusSENR-W（water extract of Acanthopanax senticosus root bark）、SENR-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax senticosus root bark）、SENRH-W（water extract of Acanthopanax senticosus rhizome）、SENRH-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax senticosus rhizome）were prepared respectively.A sleep model was developed using pentobarbital sodium to investigate the sedative and hypnotic activity of the water and alcoholic extracts of Acanthopanax senticosus root and rhizome.The extracts were administered in combination with 5-HTP,PCPA and FLU to investigate the mechanism of sedative and hypnotic activity.1)By observing the effects of different doses of extract on spontaneous activities and standing times of mice,the effects of collaborative subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium（28 mg/kg,i.p.）on the incidence of sleep in mice,and synergistic hypnotic dose of pentobarbital sodium（48 mg/kg,i.p.）on the sleep latencies and sleep time of mice to determine whether the extracts had sedative and hypnotic effects,and the subthreshold hypnotic dose and effective hypnotic dose of each extract.The results showed that SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A could reduce the number of spontaneous activities and standing times,increase the incidence of sleep in mice,shorten the sleep latencies and prolong the sleep time.The subthreshold dose of sleep was 4 mg·kg^-1 and the effective dose was 32 mg·kg^-1.In summary,the water and alcoholic extracts of Acanthopanax senticosus root and rhizome have significant sedative and hypnotic activity.2)SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A were administered with 5-HTP,PCPA and FLU respectively,the incidence of sleep,sleep latencies and sleep time were observed and recorded to explore the effects and mechanisms of SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A on sleep.The results showed that SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A could synergize with 5-HTP to increase the incidence of sleep induced by subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium,shorten the sleep latencies of mice induced by hypnotic dose of pentobarbital sodium,prolong sleep time,and significantly inhibit the insomnia caused by PCPA,alleviate insomnia symptoms in PCPA mice,the sedative and hypnotic effects could be reversed by FLU.In conclusion,the mechanisms of SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A were closely related to the serotonin and GABAergic systems.3)SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A were combined with 5-HTP,PCPA and FLU respectively.The contents of 5-HT and GABA in the brain of mice were determined by ELISA to further explore the hypnotic mechanism.The results showed that SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A could increase the contents of 5-HT and GABA in the brain of mice.In conclusion,SENR-W,SENR-A,SENRH-W,and SENRH-A determined that their hypnotic mechanisms were related to the serotonergic system and GABAergic system.2.Sedative and hypnotic activities and mechanisms of water and ethanol extracts from roots and rhizomes of Acanthopanax sessiliflorusSESR-W（water extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus root bark）、SESR-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus root bark）、SESRH-W（water extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus rhizome）、SESRH-A（ethanol extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus rhizome）were prepared respectively.To investigate the sedative and hypnotic activities of water and alcohol extracts from the roots and rhizomes of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and its mechanism.The same experiment as Acanthopanax senticosus was designed to conduct sleep-related studies on Acanthopanax sessiliflorus.The results showed that SESR-W、SESR-A、SESRH-W、SESRH-A could improve the sleep of mice.The subthreshold dose of hypnosis was 4mg·kg^-1,and the effective dose of sleep was 32 mg·kg^-1.In summary,SESR-W,SESR-A,SESRH-W,and SESRH-A possess significant sedative-hypnotic activity,and their hypnotic mechanisms may be related to the serotonergic system and GABAergic system.SENR-W、SENR-A、SENRH-W、SENRH-A and SESR-W、SESR-A、SESRH-W、SESRH-A all had the effect of improving sleep,among which SENR-W and SESR-W had the more prominent hypnotic effect,and SENR-W was slightly better than SESR-W.This suggests that different active fractions can be obtained from water and organic solvent extraction of Chinese herbal medicines,each corresponding to a different"target".