Study On The Processing Mechanism Of Silkworm Excrement Charcoal

Objective:Optimize the processing technology of silkworm excrement charcoal,what has traditional characteristics and is worth inheriting and developing,and improve the quality of decoction pieces;compare the effects of different silkworm excrement methods on the content of flavonoids,phenylpropanoids and amino acids in silkworm excrement.Analyze,look for the difference markers before and after the silkworm excrement fried,compare the effects of silkworm excrement on the bleeding time and clotting time of mice before and after the silkworm excrement fried charcoal,explore the hemostatic effect of the silkworm excrement fried charcoal product,and provide a reference for the processing mechanism of silkworm excrement fried charcoal.Provide a theoretical basis for the scientific nature of silkworm excrement charcoal.Methods:(1)Based on the orthogonal experiment design,choose the L9(3~4)orthogonal design table,and take the frying temperature(℃),frying time(min),and dosage(g)as the inspection factors.Isoquercitrin in silkworm excrement The content of quercetin and quercetin is used as the evaluation index,and the content of index components in the silkworm excrement charcoal under various process conditions is determined by high performance liquid chromatography,and the best processing technology is finally analyzed through a comprehensive score.(2)The microstructures of raw silkworm sand and charcoal were compared and analyzed by means of microscopic identification of characters,providing data support for the optimization of high-quality decoction pieces of silkworm sand fried carbon.(3)Liquid-mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)was used to analyze the flavonoids(isoquercitrin,astragalin)and phenylpropanoids(quinic acid,umbel Ester)and amino acids(alanine,leucine,phenylalanine,tryptophan,valine and isoleucine)and other 10 components are quantitatively determined.(4)Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology,the components of silkworm excrement were identified under the positive and negative ion mode,and their cracking rules were analyzed.PCA and PLS-DA were carried out on silkworm sand processing products using Marker View and SIMCA-P13.0 software,obtained PCA score chart and VIP value,so as to screen out the different components of silkworm excrement before and after charcoal frying.(5)80 mice were randomly divided into 8 groups,namely the blank group,the high,medium and low dose group of silkworm excrement products,the high,medium,and low dose groups of silkworm excrement charcoal products,each with 10 mice.Mouse tail docking method,capillary method,the bleeding time and coagulation time of mice were used as evaluation indicators to investigate the difference in hemostasis between silkworm excrement and charcoal.Results:(1)The best process for frying silkworm excrement is:take 40g silkworm excrement,stir-fry at 200℃,fry for 4min,take it out,and let it cool.(2)The changes of calcium oxalate crystals in silkworm sand after the carbonization are particularly obvious.The crystal volume and quantity of carbon products decreased significantly than that of raw ones.After silkworm sand occurred to a series of variation and the crystal size of calcium oxalate obviously changed after the carbonization,and the crystal volume and quantity of the carbon product decreased significantly compared with the raw product.(3)After the silkworm excrement is fried to varying degrees,the content of each component is reduced compared with the raw product.For example,in fried yellow silkworm excrement,the content of astragalin,isoquercitrin,alanine,leucine and phenylalanine decreased,while the content of tryptophan,valine and isoleucine increased;In the fried coke silkworm excrement,except for the increase in the content of astragalin and isoquercitrin,the other components all decreased;while in the fried charcoal silkworm excrement,the content of each component showed a significant decrease,which is speculated to be in the process of frying Degradation occurred due to too high temperature.(4)A total of 31 compounds were identified from silkworm excrement and processed products,including 9 flavonoids,2 alkaloids,4 amino acids,and 6 phenylpropanoids.There are 10nucleosides,vitamins,fatty acids and other components.After PCA,the components of the processed products of silkworm excrement can be clearly distinguished,indicating that there are differences in the components before and after processing.Treated by PLS-DA,scopolamine,3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid,bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,guanosine,isoquercitrin,astragalin,kaempferol hexoside-rhamnoside,quercetin-hexoside-hexo-side,chalcomoracin and its iso-mers and other9 kinds of compounds are different components of silkworm sand before and after processing.(5)The raw silkworm excrement has no significant effect on the bleeding and coagulation of mice,while the silkworm excrement can significantly shorten the bleeding time and coagulation time of mice(P<0.01).The high-dose sand charcoal group had the greatest effect on the bleeding time and clotting time of mice.Conclusion:(1)The silkworm excrement charcoal frying process optimized by orthogonal design is stable and feasible,which is of great significance to the quality control of silkworm excrement charcoal.(2)The microstructure of silkworm sand was changed after charcoal frying,a lot of carbon is generated,which could play a role in hemostasis,which was consistent with the traditional theory of charcoal frying to hemostasis.(3)Compared with raw products,the content of various components such as flavonoids,phenylpropanoids and amino acids of silkworm excrement after being fried to some extent decreased,and the composition of fried charcoal products changed more obviously.(4)UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology can quickly and accurately analyze and identify the entire composition of the alcohol extract of silkworm excrement.After the silkworm excrement is fried in charcoal,the composition has changed significantly.It provides a preliminary basis for the study of silkworm sand processing mechanism.(5)Silkworm excrement has better hemostatic activity after being fried with charcoal.Compared with raw silkworm excrement,silkworm excrement charcoal has a significant effect on bleeding time and clotting time in mice,clarifying the scientific nature of fried charcoal with silkworm excrement has some function of hemostasis.