Analysis Of Prognostic Factors And Comorbidities In Patients With Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Objective:Sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSHL)is one of the common emergencies in Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,and its poor prognosis will seriously affect the patient’s quality of life and physical and mental health.In clinical practice,we found that some patients with SSHL have other diseases at the same time.At present,there are few literatures about the analysis of comorbidities in patients with SSHL,most of which are reports of a single disease.Some diseases have been reported to cause poor prognosis of SSHL.This article conducts a retrospective analysis of 349 cases of SSHL to discuss the factors affecting the prognosis of SSHL and to summarize the disease types and incidence of systemic comorbidities,in order to provide more evidence for the prevention and treatment of SSHL.Methods:1.The clinical data of 349 patients with SSHL who were hospitalized in Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Factors that may affect prognosis such as gender,hearing curve type,degree of hearing loss,age,disease course,simultaneous phenomenon,respectively with prognosis fitted to R*C table and rowed χ2 test or Spearman rank correlation,and performed an orderly Logistic regression analysis the above factors with P<0.05 and obtained the main factors affecting the prognosis of SSHL.2.All the patients’past medical history and the current status of comorbidities of SSHL were collected and counted.The impacts of the top five diseases with the highest comorbidity rate on the curative effect of SSHL analyzed furtherly.Results:1.Old age,long course of disease,severe hearing loss and dizziness are the risk factors of SSHL for poor prognosis.2.The comorbidity rate of SSHL ranked the top three in descending order:arteriosclerosis risk factors related diseases(36.4%),thyroid disease(17.5%),and mental and psychological diseases(7.4%).The curative effect of patients without comorbidities was significantly superior in patients with comorbidities(P<0.05).3.Among the patients with SSHL,those suffered with hypertension or diabetes had a significantly lower curative effect(P<0.05).Compared with patients without coronary heart disease,although the efficacy of patients with coronary heart disease was lower,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Among patients with SSHL,the more the number of diseases with hypertension,diabetes and coronary heart disease,the worse the curative effect.4.Among patients with SSHL with altered thyroid function,the hearing loss of the SSHL patients with hypothyroidism is heavier than that of the SSHL patients with normal thyroid function.There is no significant effect between the hyperthyroidism group,the normal thyroid function group and the hypothyroidism group.Conclusion:1.Patients with older age,longer course of disease,severe hearing loss,and dizziness may have a poorer prognosis.This suggests that middle-aged and elderly people should pay attention to hearing changes,and seek medical attention if there is any problem.2.The diseases with the highest comorbidity rate in SSHL patients are arteriosclerosis risk factor diseases,thyroid diseases,and psychological diseases.Patients with comorbidities have poor curative effect.Regular physical examinations,standardized treatment of systemic diseases and attention to mental health can help reduce the incidence of SSHL and obtain a better prognosis.3.SSHL patients with hypertension or diabetes can reduce the curative effect,and the risk factors of arteriosclerosis may play a superimposed role in reducing the curative effect of SSHL.4.In patients with SSHL and abnormal thyroid function,although the hearing loss is severe at the time of the onset,the curative effect is not significantly reduced.For patients with severe and severe sudden deafness,attention should be paid to the detection of hearing loss caused by hypothyroidism and provide corresponding treatment,to improve the diagnosis rate of the cause of SSHL and the efficiency of treatment,and to reduce the bad influence of psychological,mental,and life of patients.