| ObjectiveCoronary artery heart disease(CHD)is one of the "killers" that threaten human health,and its incidence has a certain seasonality.Cold stimulation is an important cause of acute coronary syndrome(Acute coronary syndomes,ACS)events.Sports,as a beneficial exercise method for disease,can delay the progression of atherosclerosis.Winter swimming is a combination of cold stimulus and exercise.The relationship between it and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease events has not been determined for decades.In order to determine the occurrence of winter swimming and atherosclerosis(AS)events.For a long-term investigation,we established a winter swimming population database,and analyzed the relevant data by comparing the relevant clinical data of the selected winter swimming population and the never winter swimming population data to the baseline clinical data and follow-up of the winter swimming population.And find out the differences,try to provide some possible research ideas and directions for future research,and provide basic cross-sectional clinical data for future long-term observation research.MethodsThe study included 160 winter swimming enthusiasts who were regular winter swimming(≥3 times/week,≥1 year)as the observation group,and selected healthy people from Qingdao Municipal Hospital during the same period(excluding coronary heart disease,age,gender and observation Group matched,no winter swimming history)80 people served as the control group.Collect subjects’ general information:age,gender,height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,calm heart rate,blood pressure;test subjects’ metabolism-related indicators: triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),Low-density lipoprotein(LDL),High-density lipoprotein(HDL),Uric acid(UA),C-reactive protein(CRP),Fasting blood glucose(FBG);hematology parameters: White blood cell(WBC),red blood cell(RBC),hemoglobin(HB),platelet(PLT),hematocrit(HCT),mean corpuscular hemoglobin content(MCH),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)levels,measure bilateral carotid intima-media thickness(c IMT)And the number of carotid plaques.Subjects in the observation group were followed up continuously for 1 year.One year after the first test,the subjects in this group were investigated for their 1-year winter swimming.According to whether they maintained winter swimming behavior,they were divided into maintenance subgroup(n=102)and non-maintenance subgroup(n =58),compare the observation group and the control group,the observation group between the two subgroups and the maintenance subgroup before and after the follow-up metabolism related indexes,hematology parameters,bilateral c IMT and the number of carotid plaques.The collected data and results were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 statistical software,and the differences between the two groups were analyzed by independent sample T test,non-parametric rank sum test,and chi-square test.Results1.The systolic blood pressure,heart rate,waist-to-hip ratio of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The two groups were in age,gender,body mass index,diastolic blood pressure,hypertension and diabetes There was no statistical difference in morbidity(P> 0.05)(Table 1-1).2.There are statistical differences in the levels of HDL-C,FBG,and UA between the observation group and the control group.The HDL-C of the observation group is higher than that of the control group(P <0.05),and the level of FBG and UA is lower than that of the control group(P < 0.05).There was no statistical difference in the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,and CRP between the two groups(P>0.05)(Table 1-2).Compared with the control group,the observation group’s RBC,Hb,HCT,MCHC,and PLT were significantly increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in WBC and MCH between the two groups(P >0.05)(Table 1-3).Compared with the control group,the c IMT value of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of carotid artery plaques in the observation group was less than that in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05)(Table 1-4).3.The observation group was followed up continuously for 1 year.According to whether the winter swimming behavior was maintained,it was divided into a maintained subgroup(n=102)and a non-maintained subgroup(n=58).The two groups were in terms of age,gender,body mass index,waist-to-hip ratio,There was no statistical difference in the incidence of heart rate,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,hypertension and diabetes(P>0.05)(Table 2-1).There are statistical differences in the comparison of HDL-C and FBG index levels between the maintenance subgroup and the non-maintenance subgroup.The HDL-C of the maintenance subgroup is significantly higher than that of the non-maintenance subgroup(P<0.05);the maintenance subgroup has a lower FBG level The maintenance subgroup was significantly lower(P<0.05);the two groups had no statistical differences in the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,CRP and UA(P>0.05)(Table2-2);the maintenance subgroup The RBC,Hb,MCHC,and PLT of the group were significantly higher than those of the non-maintained subgroup,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The differences in WBC,HCT,and MCH between the two subgroups were not statistically significant(P >0.05)(Table 2-3);the c IMT value of the maintenance subgroup was lower than that of the non-maintenance subgroup,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).There was no significant difference in the number of carotid plaques compared with the non-maintained subgroup(P>0.05)(Table 2-4).4.According to the comparison of the indicators in the subgroup of subjects before and after winter swimming,it was found that HDL-C increased and UA decreased significantly after winter swimming 1 year after winter swimming.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),FBG,There was no statistical difference in TG,TC,LDL,and CRP(P>0.05)(Table 3-1).RBC,Hb,MCHC,and PLT increased significantly after winter swimming in the subgroup for 1 year,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in WBC,HCT,MCH(P>0.05)(Table 3-2).The c IMT value of the maintenance subgroup was lower than that of winter swimming 1 year ago,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in the number of carotid plaques in the maintenance subgroup(P>0.05).(Table 3-3)Conclusions1.On the basis of matching the baseline data of known traditional risk factors for coronary heart disease,we found that the winter swimming population has lower basal heart rate,systolic blood pressure,waist-to-hip ratio,FBG and UA levels,lower c IMT value and higher The level of HDL-C,but the level of RBC,Hb and other related hematological parameters are elevated.The relationship between the changes of these clinical related indicators and the occurrence of atherosclerosis still needs a long time and more in-depth clinical and basic research to explore.2.The study was divided into maintenance subgroup and non-maintenance subgroup based on whether to maintain winter swimming behavior one year after the first data collection.By comparing the winter swimming population between the maintenance group and the non-maintaining group and the winter swimming population followed up around 1 year ago,it was found that the maintenance group had higher HDL-C levels and lower FBG and c IMT values,and maintained subgroups of RBC,Hb and other related blood The level of academic parameters is increased.This shows that the differences in the clinical indicators in Conclusion 1 have similar changes in the people who insist on winter swimming,and it also suggests that there is a connection between winter swimming and the occurrence of atherosclerotic events,and provides research ideas and basic clinical data for future long-term observation studies. |
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