| Objective:In this study,the position of sagittal tooth root in the alveolar bone of Chinese maxillary anterior teeth was classified from two angles:the position of tooth root relative to labial-palatal bone wall of the alveolar process and the angle between the long axis of the tooth root and the long axis of the alveolar process by cone beam CT(CBCT),and measuring the thickness of the labial-palatal alveolar bone and the angle between the long axis of the tooth root and the alveolar process,to provide anatomical data reference for clinical immediate implant in the maxillary anterior region,with a view to achieve satisfactory function and aesthetic effect in the immediate implant of maxillary anterior region.Materials and methods:From January 1st 2019 to November 1st 2020,170 patients were selected for CBCT shooting in the Department of Stomatology,Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University,77 of them were males and 93 were females.Using OnDemand3D Dental measurement and analysis software to count up the classification of sagittal roots position(T)of central incisor(ci),lateral incisor(li),canine(ca),and to measure labial bone thickness at 1mm of alveolar crest(A),the thickness of labial bone in the middle of root(B),the thickness of labial bone at apical(C),the thickness of palatal bone at 1mm of alveolar crest(D),the thickness of palatal bone in the middle of root(E),the thickness of palatal bone at apical(F),the angle between the long axis of the root and the long axis of the alveolar process(G).Results:1.Classification of sagittal roots of maxillary anterior teeth in alveolar bone1.1 Statistical results of classification of central incisors(Tci):B2:255 cases(75.00%),B3:66 cases(19.41%),M1:9 cases(2.65%),M2:8 cases(2.35%);M3:1 cases(0.29%);P1:1 cases(0.29%),other types:0 cases.1.2 Statistical results of classification of lateral incisors(Tli):B1:1 cases(0.29%),B2:cases(66.76%),B3:75cases(22.06%);M1:llcases(3.24%);M2:25cases(7.35%0;P1:1cases(0.29%);other types:0 cases.1.3 Statistical results of classification of canineB1:1 cases(0.29%)、B2:255 cases(75.00%);B3:81 cases(23.82%);M1:2 cases(0.59%);M2:1 cases(0.29%);other types:0 cases.There is a significant difference in Tci、Tli、Tca(P<0.05),but there is no difference between gender and left and right side(P>0.05).2.The thickness of labial and palatal bone wall at different measuring points of central incisor,lateral incisor and canine.2.1 The bone wall thickness of central incisor A,B,C,D,E and F respectively were 0.90±0.35mm,0.89±0.38mm,1.82±0.65mm,0.90±0.30mm,2.52±1.05mm,7.02±2.00mm.2.2 The bone wall thickness of lateral incisor A,B,C,D,E and F respectively were 0.87±0.37mm,0.79 ±0.44mm,1.62 ± 0.78mm,0.74±0.21mm,1.86 ± 0.83mm,5.78 ± 1.83mm.2.3 The bone wall thickness of lateral incisor A,B,C,D,E and F respectively were 0.89 ±0.3 8mm,0.70±0.36mm,1.51 ±0.75mm,0.90 ± 0.28mm,3.16±1.18mm,9.06± 2.49mm.There are significant differences in B,C,D,E and F among ci,li and ca(P<0.05).There are significant differences in Cci,Cca,Dca,Eci,Eli,Eca,Fci,Fli and Fca between sexes(P<0.05),in the above data with differences,in which males are larger than females.There is no difference between the left and right side of the measured data(P>0.05).3.The characteristics of labial-palatal bone wall in common classification(B2、B3、M1、M2)of central incisor,lateral incisor and canine3.1 the bone wall thickness of common classification(B2,B3,M1,M2)of central incisor at 6 measured sites A,B,C,D,E and F.B2:0.93±0.39mm,0.87±0.36mm,1.86±0.59mm,0.91 ±0.31mm,2.53±1.06mm,7.01 ± 1.75mm;B3:1.06 ± 0.45mm,1.12±0.54mm,1.46 ± 0.39mm,1.00 ± 0.30mm,3.09 ± 0.81mm,8.56 ± 2.01mm;M1:1.0 ± 0.46mm,1.17± 0.30mm,3.10± 0.50mm,0.67± 0.21mm,1.2 ± 0.54mm,3.57± 0.73mm;M2:0.71 ± 0.29mm,1.00 ± 0.47mm,2.79 ± 0.62mm,0.82 ± 0.22mm,1.23±0.32mm,3.51 ± 0.55mm.3.2 the bone wall thickness of common classification(B2,B3,M1,M2)of lateral incisors at 6 measured sites A,B,C,D,E and F.B2:0.86±0.37mm,0.71 ±0.36mm,1.63±0.61mm,0.76±0.20mm,1.93±0.71mm,5.84±1.41mm;B3:1.00 ± 0.39mm,1.1 1 ±0.51mm,1.25 ±0.51mm,0.85 ±0.22mm,2.60±1.11mm,7.48 ± 2.11mm;M1:0.92±0.29mm,1.20±0.64mm,2.82± 1.16mm,0.58±0.14mm,1.04±0.46mm,3.54±1.74mm;M2:0.90±0.36mm,1.05±0.66mm,2.38±0.63mm,0.59±0.22mm,0.93±0.42m,3.31±0.75mm。3.3 the bone wall thickness of common classification(B2,B3,M1,M2)of canine at 6 measured sites A,B,C,D,E and F.B2:0.89 ± 0.3 8mm,0.68 ± 0.32mm,1.65 ± 0.71mm,0.90 ± 0.27mm,3.16± 1.16mm,8.89 ± 2.46mm;B3:1.06 ± 0.40mm,1.03±0.60mm,1.2 ± 0.67mm,1.01 ±0.32mm,3.66 ± 1.21mm,10.38 ± 2.48mm;M1:1.27± 0.19mm,0.65 ±0.05mm,3.91 ±0.11mm,0.5 1 ±0.40mm,1.08± 0.71mm,4.77± 0.42mm。There are significant differences in BB,CB2,CB3,DB2,DB3,DM2,EB2,EB3,FB,FB3 between ci,li and la(P<0.05).There are significant differences in Bli,Cci,Cli,Cca,Eci,Eli,Fci,Fli and Fca between B2,B3,M1,M2(P<0.05).There are significant differences between genders in(?),FcaB3(P<0.05),in the above data with differences,in which males are larger than females.There is no difference between the left and right side of the measured data(P>0.05).(subscript denotes tooth position,superscript denotes classification)4.The Angle between the long axis of maxillary anterior teeth and the long axis of alveolar process4.1The angles between the long axis and the long axis of alveolar process of central incisor,lateral incisor and canine root are respectively 13.29±4.47°,12.5 1±5.49°,15.44±4.69°.4.2 The angle of common classification(B2,B3,M1,M2)of central incisors between the long axis of root and the long axis of alveolar process are respectively 12.92 ± 3.25°,17.51 ± 3.62°,-1.25 ± 1.46°,5.79 ± 2.95°.4.3 The angle of common classification(B2,B3,M1,M2)of lateral incisors between the long axis of root and the long axis of alveolar process are respectively 11.93 ± 3.64°,18.09 ± 5.11°,-0.77 ± 1.43°,6.91 ± 4.07°.4.4 The angle of common classification(B2,B3,M1)of canine between the long axis of root and the long axis of alveolar process are respectively 14.66 ± 3.84°,18.47± 5.25,-0.80 ± 1.13°.There are significant differences in G among ci,li and ca(P<0.05),ca>ci>li.There are significant differences in Gci,Gli and Gca between genders(P<0.05),in the above data with differences,in which males are larger than females.There is no difference between the left and right side of the measured data(P>0.05).There are significant differences in GB2 among ci,li and ca(P<0.05),ca>ci>li.There are significant differences in Gci,Gli and Gca among B2,B3,M1 and M2(P<0.05),the above data with differences were B3>B2>M2>M1.There are significant differences in(?)in genders(P<0.05),in the above data with differences,in which males are larger than females.There is no difference between the left and right side of the measured data(P>0.05).(subscript denotes tooth position,superscript denotes classification)Conclusions:1.In the classification of sagittal root position in the alveolar process of the maxillary anterior teeth,B2 and B3 accounted for the majority,M1 and M2 are less,B1,M3 and P1 are very few,only an individual case,P2 and P3 do not appear.there are significant differences among different tooth positions,but no difference in gender and in the left and right sides.2.The labial bone thickness in the maxillary anterior area is generally thin,the palatal bone thickness is relatively thick.The thickness of labial-palatal bone wall in different tooth positions are different,there are relatively significant differences in the labial-palatal bone thickness among different classifications,which is of great clinical significance for clinical immediate implant.Gender also has an effect on the thickness of labial-palatal bone wall,generally,the condition of the bone wall of male is relatively better than that of female.3.Most of the root long axis of the maxillary anterior teeth deviates to the labial side and most of them is behind the most concave point on the labial side.The difference of the angle between the long axis of the root and the alveolar process among different classifications was great,through the classification,we can roughly understand the angle between the long axis of tooth root and the long axis of alveolar process.Similarly,gender and tooth positions also have a certain influence on the angle between the long axis of the root and the long axis of the alveolar process,generally speaking,the angle between the root long axis and the alveolar process long axis of canines is larger,and that of male teeth may be larger than that of female teeth. |
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