A Survey Of Eyesight Status Of Middle School Students In Haikou And A Study Of Health Management Strategies

Objective:To study the eyesight condition of middle school students in Haikou City,compare the eyesight abnormality between different ages and genders,understand the causes of eyesight abnormality in middle school,put forward reasonable health management strategies according to different influencing factors,in order to improve the increasing prevalence of myopia and provide a theoretical basis for reducing the prevalence of myopia of young students.Methods:Using stratified cluster random sampling survey method,Hainan middle school,Haikou middle school and Qiongshan overseas Chinese middle school in Haikou were investigated from September 2019 to October 2019.Each school randomly selected a class for each grade,and questionnaire survey was carried out for students.The survey content mainly includes the risk factors of myopia,including genetic factors,sports,eye health exercise Diet nutrition,sleep time,reading distance,use of electronic products,etc.Data and information database is mainly established by Epi Data 3.1 software,all data collected are input uniformly,and statistical analysis and investigation data are mainly collected by spss20.0 statistical software.Results:1.A total of 814 middle school students were investigated in this survey.806 valid questionnaires were collected,and the effective recovery rate was 99.01% 。Among them,there are 617 people with myopia,189 people with normal vision,and the prevalence of myopia is 76.6%,26.6% for high myopia,25.8% for moderate myopia,24.2% for low myopia.2.In this study,408 male students(account for 50.6%)and 398 female students(account for49.4%).The number of myopia of male middle school students was 289,tthe prevalence rate of myopia is 70.8%,,the number of myopia of female middle school students was 329,the prevalence rate of myopia is 82.4%.The prevalence rate of myopia in female middle school students is higher than that in male middle school students.the difference of myopia detection rate between different genders was statistically significant(P < 0.001).3.In this study,283 junior high school students were nearsighted,with a detection rate of 52.7%.334 senior high school students were nearsighted,with a detection rate of 84.8%.The prevalence rate of myopia of middle school students in the first grade of junior high school is 64.8%,67.1%,74.0%,87.2%,82.8% and84.2% respectively,which indicated that the prevalence of myopia was also increasing with the change of learning stage and age.4.The results of chi square analysis showed that the distance of reading and writing homework,whether parents are nearsighted,the times of doing eye exercises,the time of completing homework,the accumulated reading time every day,whether the eyes are intermittently rested when reading,whether the students are lying down,walking,reading with their heads askew,whether the electronic products are used in dark light,the degree of light in the classroom where the students are in,and whether the students eat every day The difference between fruit group and eye health knowledge group had significant effect on myopia rate of middle school students(P <0.05).5.According to the results of univariate analysis,unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that whether there was intermittently rest eyes when reading,the distance between eyes and textbooks when reading,myopia of both parents,grade,gender,desk adjustment,knowledge of eye health care were related to the prevalence of myopia.The risk factors were high school grade,parents’ myopia and father’s myopia,gender,distance between eyes and textbooks when reading,and health knowledge of eyes.Conclusion:1.In this study,the situation of myopia of middle school students in Haikou City in 2019 is serious.Among them,283 middle school students have myopia,the prevalence of myopia is 52.7%,334 middle school students have myopia,and the prevalence of myopia is 84.8%.2.With the increase of learning stage and age,the prevalence of myopia of middle school students in Haikou City is significantly increased,and there is a significant gender difference in myopia.The prevalence of myopia of female middle school students is significantly higher than that of male middle school students.3.The survey found that the prevalence of myopia was related to gender,learning stage,parents’ myopia,distance between eyes and textbooks when reading,rest of eyes when reading,adjustment of desks,and understanding of health knowledge of eyes.The risk factors included grade,gender,parents’ myopia and father’s myopia,distance between eyes and textbooks when reading,and knowledge of eye health care.The higher the grade is,the older the students are and they don’t know the knowledge of eye health care,the higher the risk of myopia is.