| ObjectivesRecent studies on animal protein consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)have yielded inconsistent results,and the studies on rural Chinese population are very limited.Therefore,we conducted a large sample cross-sectional study in Henan province to explore the current status of animal protein intake and its association with the prevalence of T2 DM.MethodsThe subjects of this study were derived from the "Henan Rural Cohort Study"(registration number: Chi CTR-OOC-15006699).Data were collected through questionnaires,physical examination and laboratory tests.Dietary data including animal protein,red meat protein,white meat protein,egg protein and dairy protein were obtained from Food Frequency Questionnaire(FFQ).Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between animal protein,red meat protein,white meat protein and egg protein and the prevalence of T2 DM.And the dose-response relationships between animal protein,red meat protein,white meat protein and egg protein and the prevalence of T2 DM were investigated using restricted cubic splines.Meanwhile,stratification analysis and interaction analysis were carried out in this study.ResultsA total of 37737 subjects were included in this study,the prevalence of T2 DM were 5.82%,6.20% and 5.70% in the total population,men and women,respectively.The intake of animal protein in rural population in Henan Province was low.The level of media intake of total animal protein was about 12.81 gram/day(g/d),and the average daily protein intake from red meat,white meat and dairy were 1.96 g,1.52 g and 0g respectively,and more than half of the total,about 8.31 g,came from egg.1.After adjusting for confounding factors,there was no statistical association between animal protein intake and the prevalence of T2 DM.Comparing highest animal protein intake with the lowest intake group revealed an odd ratio(OR)(95% confidence interval,CI)of 0.98(0.88-1.10)for T2 DM prevalence in total population.And for men and women,the ORs and 95%CI of T2 DM in the highest group compared with the lowest group were 1.15(0.96-1.38),1.02(0.88-1.17).2.After controlling the potential confounders,a positive association between red meat protein intake and the risk of T2 DM was observed in men.In total population and women,compared with the lowest intake group,the ORs and 95%CI of T2 DM prevalence of the medium white meat protein intake were 0.90(0.82-1.00),0.87(0.77-0.99),respectively.The study found a negative relationship between egg protein intake and the prevalence of T2 DM.Compared with the lowest egg protein intake,the OR and95%CI of T2 DM in the medium egg protein intake group was 0.90(0.83-0.97).3.The result of restricted cubic spline indicated that there were linear doseresponse relationships between animal protein intake,red meat protein intake,white meat protein intake,egg protein intake and the prevalence of T2 DM in men(P for nonlinearity>0.05).In women,there were nonlinear dose-response relationships between animal protein intake,egg protein intake and the prevalence of T2DM(P for nonlinearity<0.05),and there were linear dose-response relationships between red meat protein intake,white meat protein intake and the prevalence of T2DM(P for nonlinearity were 0.155 and 0.107).In women,compared with no egg protein intake,the prevalence of T2 DM was lowest when the amount of egg protein intake was 7g/d,and the OR was 0.83(0.71-0.92).4.There were interactions between animal protein intake and gender,age,physical activity level(P-interaction were 0.008,0.001,0.035)on the T2 DM prevalence.There were interactions between red meat protein intake and gender,age on the risk of T2DM(P-interaction were 0.001,0.003).There was an interaction between white meat protein intake and age on the risk of T2DM(P-interaction=0.029),and there was an interaction between egg protein intake and physical activity level(Pinteraction=0.043)on the T2 DM prevalence.Conclusions1.The animal protein intake and the level of dairy intake of rural population in Henan province is low,the level of dairy intake is very low,and only the egg protein intake reaches a high level.2.In rural Henan population,a moderate amount of egg protein intake(about intake of 0.5-1 egg per day)is associated with a decreased risk of T2 DM,and the lowest prevalence of T2 DM is found when the daily egg protein intake achieves 7 g.A positive association between red meat protein intake and the risk of T2 DM is observed in men.White meat protein intake is associated with a reduced prevalence of T2 DM in total population and women.3.There were interactions between animal protein intake and gender,age,physical activity level on the T2 DM prevalence.There is an interaction between red meat protein intake and gender,age on the T2 DM prevalence,and an interaction between white meat protein intake and age on the T2 DM prevalence.And there is an interaction between egg protein intake and physical activity level on the T2 DM prevalence. |
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