Study To Identify The Risk Factors On The Development Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Introduction:Several studies in the western population have identified risk factors for disease onset and progression.Risk factors identification provides insight into the typical features of retinopathy and aids in clinical judgment,treatment,and monitoring to reduce the frequency and severity of DR.The study’s goal was to identify risk factors for the development of retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Dali University’s department of internal medicine in China.Methodology:The study was a cross-sectional prospective descriptive study,conducted in 120 type 2 diabetic patients between September 2017 and September 2021.Socio-demographic characteristics as well as hematological parameters such as glucose profile,lipid profile,coagulation profile,and renal function tests were assessed.The primary purpose of univariate analysis was to estimate the relationship between independent factors and Odds ratio was computed.Statistical significance was defined as a P value of 0.05.Results:Our study found that 37.67% of type 2 diabetic patients had diabetic retinopathy,which is comparable to the global prevalence of 34.6 percent（range 15-51.2 percent）.Our findings revealed that the presence of hypertension,an abnormal body mass index,raised blood glucose levels,raised fasting insulin,raised homeostatic model assessment index,raised fibrinogen level,reduced high density lipoproteins,raised urea and creatinine,raised uric acid,and glycosuria increases the risk of retinopathy development and progression.C-peptide level,coagulation parameters and lipid profile parameters were found to be protective factors in our study.Conclusion:The study found modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors along with some protective factors in development and progression of diabetic retinopathy.