| In order to alleviate the loss of water during the cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis and make the waste mushroom chaff produced after cultivation more environmentally friendly,it can be made into organic fertilizer,which can be further applied to the cultivation of corn.γ-PGA as the main raw material to prepare a completely degradable,safe non-toxic,high watered retention,high temperature resistant γ-polyglutamic acid-chitosan composite water retention agent（γ-PGA-CS）,and applied it to the cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis,investigate its influence on the moisture nutrition and cultivation characteristics of Pleurotus nebrodensis,the obtained fungus chaff is further made into organic fertilizer,and it is applied to corn planting,to investigate the effect of the fungus chaff organic fertilizer containing γ-PGA-CS composite water-retaining agent on various growth indexes and soil indexes of corn seedling stage.The specific test results are as follows :1)The optimal preparation process of γ-PGA-CS composite water-retaining agent is : the final concentration of γ-PGA fermentation broth is 2%,the ratio of γ-PGA fermentation broth to CS is 8 : 6 and p H=4.The hydrogel can be automatically formed,has high temperature resistance and has the highest swelling degree,reaching 7.96g/g.Therefore,the water-retaining agent prepared under this condition is used in the cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis.2)The addition of γ-PGA-based composite water-retaining agent improved the budding time of Pleurotus nebrodensis by 6-7 d,and the γ-PGA-CS group significantly improved the average yield per bag and the biological transformation rate,and the average yield per bag reached 0.29 kg/bag,the biological conversion rate reached 41.65%.This is because the addition of γ-PGA-based composite water-retaining agent increases the activities of CMCase enzymes and HCase enzymes in Pleurotus nebrodensis during the budding period and the first wave fruiting period,thereby making Pleurotus nebrodensis more active.Mushrooms bud in advance.The activity of lignin-degrading enzymes is reduced throughout the growth period,reducing unnecessary energy losses.The amylase enzyme activity is increased in the middle of the post-ripening period,and the ability of the mycelium to decompose starch is enhanced.And the γ-PGA-CS composite water-retaining agent can reduce the pollution rate by 28% compared with the control while maintaining the good shape of the fruiting body of Pleurotus nebrodensis,showing a good application potential.3)The optimum addition amount of γ-PGA-CS composite water-retaining agent in the cultivation of Pleurotus nebrodensis is 10g/bag.With this addition,the biological transformation rate and average yield per bag of Pleurotus nebrodensis were significantly higher than those in the control group.The biological transformation rate reached 0.33kg/bag,and the average yield per bag reached 41.32%.In the meantime,under the addition of 10 g/bag,CMCase activities,β-Glucose activitie and HCase activities peak appeared at the budding stage,the Mnp activity peak appeared at the middle post-ripening stage,and the nrutral proteinase activities peak appeared at the mid post-ripening stage.It is proved that only under the appropriate amount of water-retaining agent can the mushroom yield,biological transformation rate,water use efficiency and enzyme activity be improved.And the addition of10g/bag significantly reduced the ash and fat content of the fruiting body,which was beneficial to the improvement of the quality of the fruiting body of Pleurotus nebrodensis.4)The application of Pleurotus nebrodensis mushroom chaff organic fertilizer containingγ-PGA-CS composite water-retaining agent has a certain promoting effect on the growth of corn seedlings.The organic fertilizer treatment effect of 16g/kg fungus bran（adding waterretaining agent）was the most significant.Compared with the control group,the plant increased by 15.4 cm,the stem diameter increased by 2.75 mm,the chlorophyll increased by 4.37 SPAD,and the leaf area per plant increased by 1.25 times.At the same time,the content of available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased by 34.0% and 46.4%,respectively. |
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