Study On The Application Effect Of Water Retaining Agent Combined With Fertilizer In Maize Cultivation

The application of water retention agents provides a new way to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and increase crop yield.In this study,different treatments(blank treatment(CK),farmers’regular fertilizer application(CF),fertilizer saving 10%(CF10),no fertilizer+water retention agent(CKS),farmers’regular+water retention agent(CFS),fertilizer saving 10%+water retention agent(CF10S))were applied with water retention agent and fertilizer to investigate the soil moisture characteristics,agronomic traits and root traits of maize under different treatments.To investigate the practical effects of water retention agent application on fertilizer reduction and efficiency,crop yield improvement and crop stress resistance,so as to provide an effective basis for promoting fertilizer reduction and efficiency in farmland.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The pH value of soil treated with water retention agent finally stabilized between5.76-5.82 and caused a certain decrease in soil organic matter content.Water retention agent can improve soil compactness,increase soil porosity and reduce soil bulk.The application of water retention agents increased the field water holding capacity,soil saturated water content and water content to some extent.Water retention agent enhances the water storage and water supply capacity of soil,regulates soil acidity and alkalinity and promotes the decomposition of soil organic matter,which is beneficial to the growth and development of crops.(2)The application of water retention agent with fertilizer promotes the growth and development of corn and enhances the plant’s resistance.The application of water retention agents caused plant height,leaf area and stalk thickness to increase to different degrees.In addition,water retention agents significantly reduced the center of gravity position index and structural height index of the plant,which made the growth structure of maize plants more stable and better able to resist the influence of external environment and have stronger resistance to overturning,and significantly improved the growth potential of the plant,making the crop more resistant to early decay.(3)Water retention agent and fertilizer application promote the growth and development of corn root system and enhance the resistance of corn root system.The water retention agent promoted the extension of maize root length and significantly increased maize root surface area,root projection area and root volume.It showed that water retention agent application expanded the coverage area of maize root system and the spatial extent in the soil,so that the root system of maize could cover the soil surface more adequately and enhance the resistance of maize to overturning and the resistance to drought environment.(4)The water retention agent was applied with fertilizer to improve maize yield and was effective in saving fertilizer and preserving yield.The maize yield data showed that the CFS treatment yield(11785 kg/hm~2)increased by 571 kg/hm~2 compared to the CF treatment yield(11214 kg/hm~2),an increase of 5.09%;the CF10S treatment yield(11096 kg/hm~2)increased by893 kg/hm~2 compared to the CF10 treatment yield(10203 kg/hm~2),an increase of 8.75%;and the CKS treatment yield(8554 kg/hm~2)increased by 634 kg/hm~2 compared to the CK treatment yield.The yield of CKS treatment(8554 kg/hm~2)increased by 634 kg/hm~2 compared to CK treatment(10203 kg/hm~2),representing a yield increase of 8.75%.In addition,in the two treatments with 10%reduction in fertilizer application,the yield of CF10 decreased by 1011kg/hm~2 or 9.02%compared to CF treatment,and the yield of CF10S decreased by 118 kg/hm~2or 1.06%compared to CF treatment,while the yield of CF10S and CF treatment were basically the same.It showed that the application of water retention agent could enhance the crop yield while maintaining the maize yield at a stable level with reduced fertilizer application.