Systematic Study On Mango Gall Midge And Hickory Gall Midge Related Groups With Their Quarantine Identification Methods

Mangifera indica L.and Carya spp.are high-value economic trees.In recent years,as the pests of the gall midge have become increasingly harmful to the mango and hickory,they have caused irreparable economic losses.Therefore,systematic research on the pests of mango and hickory and the development of relevant quarantine and identification methods have far-reaching significance.This thesis toally 16 species belonging to 4 genera of three tribes in two supertribes in mango gall midges were described,including one new species and re-description 15 species;toally 64 species belonging to 6 genera in two supertribes in hickory gall midges were described,including one new species and re-description 63 species.And microscopic photographing of important morphological features of insect specimens by microphotographing technology in the experiment.Besides,using drawing software to scientifically draw the above important features,microscopic color photographs of individual species of pupa and photographs of harmful images are provided in the appendix.The main experimental results of this study are as follows:1.This thesis studies the taxonomy of the mango gall midge and hickory gall midge,axonomic studies were carried out on mango and hickory gall midges.Toally 16 species（Unable to obtain genital specimens outside and no data,not included）belonging to 4 genera of three tribes in two supertribes in mango gall midges were described,including one new species.The four genera including Procontarinia Kieffer ＆ Cecconi,Gephyraulus Rübsaamen,Dasineura Rondani,Lasioptera Meigen and re-description 15 species,one new species is Procontarinia fructiculi sp.nov.;toally 64 species belonging to 6 genera in two supertribes in hickory gall midges were described,including one new species.The six genera including Contarinia Rondani,Caryadiplosis Gagné,Caryomyia Felt,Gliaspilota Gagné,Harmandiola Kieffer,Parallelodiplosis Rübsaamen,and one new species is Contarinia caryafloralis sp.nov.,re-description 63 species.2.Developing quarantine and identification methods of the world,including for five important economic fruits gall midges and six important economic hickory gall midges,including biological identification,morphological identification,molecular identification,identification of insect source and prevention recommendations,and based on the results of the previous study.To establish a quarantine identification and retrieval table for the above five important mango gall midges and six hickory gall midges.3.Morphological and biological data and molecular data were used to analyze the phylogeny of mango gall midge,and morphological and biological data were used to analyze the phylogeny of hickory gall midge.From the phylogenetic tree,the evolutionary relationship between the species of the mango gall midge and the hickory gall midge,the change of the damage site and the distribution and diffusion relationship were inferred.4.Biogeographic analysis of the mango gall midge and hickory gall midge.The mango gall midge are most widely distributed in the Oriental Region,followed by the Oriental and Ethiopian Region,and the Australian Region is less distributed;while the hickory gall midge is most distributed in the Nearctic Region and the Oriental Region is less distributed.