Using Transcriptome Sequencing Technology To Analyze The Effect Of Fermented Chinese Herbal Medicine On Liver Lipid Metabolism In Late Laying Hens

The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of adding fermented Chinese herbal medicines(the main ingredients are Codonopsis,Atractylodes,White Peony and Poria,and the fermenting microorganism is Bacillus subtilis)on the production performance and liver histology of Jinghong laying hens in the late laying period.And use transcriptome sequencing technology to explore the molecular mechanism of fermented Chinese herbal medicines regulating liver lipid metabolism in late laying hens.The test selects the weight to be close,and the feeding and management level is consistent,480 Jinghong laying hens(52 weeks old)in the late stage of laying,randomly divided into 2 groups,each with 4replicates,each with 60 chickens.The control group was fed basal diet,and the test group was fed with 4g/kg fermented Chinese herbal medicine in the basal diet.The trial period was 133 days.The results showed that:(1)In terms of egg production performance,compared with the control group,the egg production rate of the experimental group was significantly increased by 7.59%(P<0.05),the feed-to-egg ratio was extremely significantly reduced by 0.97%(P<0.01),and the total egg weight increased by 82.75 kg.(2)In terms of liver tissue morphology,compared with the control group,the liver of the test group changed from hepatic enlargement with a blunt rounded edge to a smooth and neat outline;the color changed from yellow to red;brittle and fragile to become substantial uniform density.In terms of liver histological sections,compared with the control group,the liver cells of the experimental group had clear structure,uniform and pink cytoplasm,no vacuoles of varying sizes appeared,and the nucleus was mostly located in the center.(3)The liver m RNA expression profile results showed that the 8 samples of Jinghong laying hens obtained 369,488,248 Clean reads and 55.42 G data;after comparison and analysis,it was found that at least 93.55% of Clean reads were compared to the reference genome.A total of 1039 differentially expressed genes were screened out after differential expression analysis of the fermented Chinese herbal medicine group and the control group.Through GO and KEGG analysis,5 candidate genes related to lipid metabolism regulation(ACSL1,ACAA1,FADS1,FADS2 and HADHA)were initially screened,differentially expressed genes are significantly enriched in terms and pathways such as fatty acid metabolism,PPAR signaling pathway,fatty acid degradation,unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and adipocytokine signaling pathway,etc.It indicates that the above pathways may play an important role in regulating liver lipid metabolism in the late stage of Jinghong laying hens.(4)The results of liver mi RNA expression profile showed that 8 samples of Jinghong layer obtained983,842,29 Clean reads and 5.024 G data volume.The s RNA lengths of the fermented Chinese herbal medicine group and the control group were mainly distributed in the range of 21-23 nt,of which 22 nt accounted for the largest proportion.After the differential expression analysis of the fermented Chinese herbal medicine group and the control group,a total of 14 differentially expressed mi RNAs were screened,three mi RNAs(mi R-122-5p,mi R-183 and mi R-30d)related to the regulation of chicken fat metabolism were initially screened.The target genes of differentially expressed mi RNA were predicted,and a total of208 target genes were predicted.Analysis of GO and KEGG pathways showed that these target genes are mainly involved in cell proliferation,the interaction of cytokines and cytokine receptors,niacin and niacinamide metabolism and metabolic pathways.It can be seen that fermented Chinese herbal medicines can up-regulate or down-regulate the expression of lipid metabolism-related target genes in the liver by affecting the expression of mi RNAs,ultimately regulating the lipid metabolism of laying hens and affecting production performance.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,through the transcriptome sequencing technology,the candidate genes and mi RNAs related to the regulation of chicken fat metabolism were initially screened.Combined with the results of production performance and liver tissue morphology,it is shown that adding fermented Chinese herbal medicines in the late laying period of Jinghong laying hens can effectively increase the laying rate of Jinghong laying hens during the late laying period,and possibly by regulating lipid metabolism-related genes and mi RNAs,participating in the complex physiological process of liver lipid metabolism regulation,and ultimately regulating the lipid metabolism of laying hens.