| Eggplant（Solanum melongena L.）is a common solanaceous vegetable belonging to Solanaceae.In order to broaden the genetic basis of eggplant and strengthen the theoretical research of eggplant breeding.In this study,different types of eggplants were used as parents to prepare F1 hybrid combinations,which were self-crossed and backcrossed,respectively.The six generations of P1,P2,F1,F2,B1 and B2 were constructed to study the genetic laws of appearance quality traits,agronomic quantitative traits and nutritional quality quantitative traits of eggplant.The main results are as follows:1.The white and purple flowers of eggplant hybrid,white flower is a pair of recessive gene controlled inheritance,white flower to purple flower is a pair of gene controlled quality traits.Green eggplant and eggplant hybrid,fruit green to white is incomplete dominant inheritance,fruit green to white is controlled by a pair of dominant genes,there may be modified genes.Green and white flesh is dominant to white,controlled by a pair of fully dominant genes.The inheritance of eggplant flower color and green peel color is independent,and there is no linkage relationship.The green flesh color and white flesh color of eggplant fruit are closely linked in the genetic process,and there is no cross exchange.2.Eggplant yield per plant was additive-dominance inheritance of a pair of main genes,and the dominant effect inheritance was the main gene.The number of results per plant was two pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic main genes+additive-dominant polygene mixed inheritance.The maximum fruit weight per plant was two pairs of additive main genes+additive-dominant polygene inheritance.3.The fruit shape index genetic model of two combinations is suitable for E-3 model,that is,two pairs of additive major genes+additive-dominant polygene model,and both combinations are mainly additive effect inheritance.In combination Ⅰ,the main gene inheritance rate of B1 generation was higher than that of multi-gene inheritance,and the main gene inheritance was dominant.In combination Ⅱ,the main gene heritability of the B1 and B2 segregation generations was higher than that of the multi-gene heritability,and the main gene heritability was dominant.4.Eggplant soluble protein was inherited by two pairs of additive main genes+additive-dominant polygenes.The main genes were mainly additive effect inheritance,and the polygenes were incompletely dominant.Soluble sugar was inherited by two additive-dominance-epistasis models,and the dominant effect of the first major gene played a leading role.The inheritance of crude fiber was dominated by additive-dominant-epistatic polygene inheritance.The polygene inheritance rate was the highest in B2,and the inheritance of F2 generation was most affected by the environment. |
