| C.heterophylla×C.avellana is one of the important economic forest tree species in my country.Due to its high yield and high stress resistance,it has been widely planted in most parts of North China and Northwest my country in recent years.Compare the phenology,growth,leaf anatomical structure,and fruit of 5 C.heterophylla×C.avellana varieties,including Dawei,Yuzui,Pingou 110,Pingou 226,and Pingou 524 introduced and cultivated from the Liaoning Fruit Research Institute to Changfeng,Anhui The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)Comparing the phenological periods of 5 C.heterophylla×C.avellana varieties,it is known that the growth and fruiting of C.heterophylla×C.avellana introduced to Anhui area are 25-30 days earlier than that in Northeast China.The new shoot growth period of the introduced Ping-Europe hybrid hazel is about 220 days.The growth period of male flowers starts on February 16 and lasts about 20 days.The growth period of female flowers is in the first ten days of February.The fruit growth period is about 90 days.The deciduous period is about 90 days.Early November.Among them,Dawei’s buds began to expand and crack as early as February 12,and the leaf development period,new shoot growth period,male and female flower formation period,and fruit maturity period were earlier than the other four varieties,which is conducive to seizing market opportunities;(2)Compare the height,ground diameter,crown width,new shoot growth and biomass of the 6-year-old C.heterophylla×C.avellana that was introduced and cultivated for 5 years.It was found that 5 C.heterophylla×C.avellana varieties were introduced to the Anhui region and grew 5 Years later,there was a big difference in growth(P<0.05).Among them,Dawei had the largest growth,the fastest growth rate,and the strongest adaptability.The tree heights of 5 varieties are between219.97cm-327.10 cm.Among them,Dawei,Jade pendant,especially Pingou 524,have a significantly higher growth height than other varieties(P<0.05);Dawei has the largest ground diameter,It reached 6.98 cm,which also shows that Dawei has the strongest tree body;Dawei’s crown width is also the longest,which is significantly higher than Yuzui,Pingou 110,and Pingou 226.It can be seen that 5 varieties of Pingou hazel have been introduced.In Anhui,the tree heights of Pingou 524,Yuzhui and Dawei were not significantly different(P<0.05),but they were significantly higher than those of Pingou 110 and Pingou 226;the ground diameter of Dawei was higher than that of Pingou 110 and Pingou 226.The crown width is the highest,which is significantly different from the other 4 varieties(P<0.05).Dawei is the most adaptable and grows the most vigorously.The growth of Pingou 524 is slightly inferior to that of Dawei,but it is also significantly higher than the three varieties of jade pendant,Pingou 110 and Pingou 226.(3)The length and thickness of the new shoots of the five varieties were significantly different.The length and diameter of the new shoots of Dawei and Pingou 524 were significantly higher than those of the other three varieties(P<0.05).The new shoot length of Dawei is the largest,reaching 49.84 cm,which is significantly higher than the other four varieties including Pingou 524.The new shoot length of Pingou 524 reaches 43.29 cm,which is lower than Dawei but significantly higher than other varieties.(P<0.05),the growth of the three varieties of Yuzui,Pingou 110 and Pingou 226 were low and the difference was not significant(P<0.05);Dawei’s dry matter quality of new shoots and leaf dry matter were the highest,reaching 3.30 g and 9.10 g,fully indicating that Dawei has the largest accumulation after entering the initial fruiting period;the dry matter quality of new shoots Pingou524 reached 2.82 g,slightly lower than Dawei and significantly higher than the other 3varieties(P<0.05)There is no significant difference in the dry matter quality of new shoots and leaves of Yuzui,Pingou 110,and Pingou 226(P<0.05).Therefore,it is concluded that Dawei has the largest accumulation and its growth adaptability is significantly stronger than the other four varieties.(4)There were significant differences in fruit size,yield and content of the five varieties(P<0.05).Dawei’s output was significantly higher than the other 4 varieties(P<0.05)after entering the initial fruiting stage after 5 years of introduction.The yield per plant reached 2125.78 g,the jade pendant was slightly inferior,the yield of Pingou524 was in the middle level,and Pingou 226.The yield of the plant was the lowest,only 824.91g;when comparing the fruit shapes,the fruit sizes of Dawei,Pingou 226,and Pingou 524 were similar,and significantly larger than Yuzhui and Pingou 110(P<0.05).Among them,Ping’ou 524 has the largest fruit,with the horizontal and vertical fruit diameters reaching 21.97 mm and 20.79 mm,which are larger than the other four varieties.Dawei has the largest fruit lateral diameter,reaching 21.75 mm.In the measurement of the fruit content of 5 varieties,it can be seen from the table that the soluble sugar content of Pingou 524 is 81.21mg/g,which is significantly greater than the other 4 varieties(P<0.05).Dawei is slightly inferior,and the content is67.47mg/g,Jade pendant and Pingou 226 had no significant difference(P<0.05),Pingou 110 had the lowest soluble sugar content,only 37.93mg/g.Therefore,the Dawei fruit type is more round and beautiful,and it is firm and full,with a higher content of content.(5)There are significant differences in indicators such as stomata diameter,stomata density,and protective tissue thickness among the 5 varieties(P<0.05).The stomata diameter of Pingou 110 and Pingou 524 was significantly lower than that of the other three varieties(P<0.05).The stomata density of Pingou 524 reached 0.0066(No./um~2),which was significantly higher than that of Pingou 226(P<0.05).The thickness of Dawei’s protective tissue is larger,which is significantly different from Yuzhui and Pingou 524,indicating that its leaves are well-balanced in water stress environments,and their waterlogging resistance is strong,and they are less affected by water stress. |
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