| Xinjiang,as a natural gene bank of salt and cold tolerant forage in China,has not only good forage quality,but also precious provenance.It is necessary to strengthen the utilization,protection and development of high-quality forage resources by analyzing the current situation of Forage Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang and considering various factors.H.bulbosum is a perennial herb of Hordeum in Gramineae,which is mainly distributed in Europe and Central Asia.There are no wild species in China.It is considered to be a high quality and high-yield horse feed because of its tall plant,high grass yield per unit area and high nutrition.Based on the introduction of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley from Kyrgyzstan,this paper carried out the following research on the introduction of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley,the experiment of seed germination under different temperature,different light and different concentration of NaCl stress;taking local barley as the control,the phenotypic characters,biomass and nutritional components of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley were determined:(1)The 1000 grain weight of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley seeds was 8.98 g and 9.97 g;The water content was 14.4%and 20.1%,and the maximum water absorption after 72 hours was 111%and 112%.;The water permeability of seed coat is good,and the seed coat has no effect on Seed Germination of the two materials.(2)The optimum germination temperature of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley seeds was 15/2℃;The germination rates of diploid seeds with and without palea were 32%and 85%.under light/dark conditions,The germination rate was 62%and 93%in the dark;The germination rate of tetraploid seeds with and without palea was 55%and 94%.under light/dark conditions,and 68%and 98%.under all dark conditions.The results of germination experiments on the seeds of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley at the concentration of 0(CK),20,40,80,120,160 mmol·L-1 NaCl showed that,The diploid was 7.5,3,2.4,1.2,0.2 and 0.2 under 15/2℃ light/dark conditions,and the germination index was 9,5.6,3.8,2.5,1.4 and 0.8 under all dark conditions;The seed germination indexes of tetraploid were 4.8,4.4,3.4,2.3,0.8 and 0.5 under light/dark conditions,and 9.6,6.3,6.0,3.3,2.6 and 1.8 under all dark conditions,When the concentration is more than 80 mmol·L-1,the germination index of seeds decreases obviously,and tetraploid bulbous barley has stronger tolerance to NaCl than diploid bulbous barley.(3)The florescence of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley was about 15-18 days at the population level and 14-15 days at the individual level;The above two bulbous barley belong to high stem forage,the average plant height of diploid bulbous barley is 111.63±4.18 cm,and that of tetraploid bulbous barley is 121.74±4.13 cm;(4)The number of tillers and grains per ear of two kinds of bulbous barley were significantly higher than that of common barley,The biomass of diploid,tetraploid bulbous barley and common barley were 1693.24±29.07 kg/hm2,1955.21±53.67 kg/hm2 and 2269.06±41.58 kg/hm2.There are differences in the content of nutrients between the above two kinds of bulbous barley and common barley,The protein content in the leaves of diploid and tetraploid bulbous barley and common barley in the first year was 13.54±0.05%,13.90±0.01%and 13.60±0.01%;The content of neutral washing fiber was 45.5±0.38%,46.19±0.50%and 52.87±1.17%.In a word,the results of artificial cultivation experiment show that compared with local common barley,bulbous barley,The cold resistance and salt tolerance of seedlings are strong,and the nutrient content of straw is high,which has good genetic and breeding value.At the same time,the seed yield of this species is relatively low,which needs to be improved in the future production process,Through cultivation and acclimation,further improve the seed yield and explore the potential value of replanting as high stalk forage in grassland. |
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