Design And Experimental Study On No-tillage Seeder For Dense Planting Of Corn

The annual black soil cultivation area in the cold northern regions of China is as much as1.03 million square kilometres,and the total black soil cultivation area is the third largest in the world,with an annual black soil grain cultivation production of about 22.5-25 billion kilograms.In recent years,the excessive expropriation of black soil resources in the northeastern black soil region has caused massive black soil erosion during long-term extensive reclamation,unscientific land cultivation management patterns and long-term overuse of fertilizers and pesticides.Therefore,in order to effectively prevent soil erosion,it is urgent to make comprehensive use of black soil and protect it naturally.China has vigorously introduced conservation tillage techniques,which involve small-scale micro-transformation of the ground soil through no-till and less tillage,and also need to be combined with some scientific planting and cultivation techniques.A variety of tillage techniques such as agronomy combined with special farm machinery are used through no-till in order to rationalise and effectively utilise agricultural resources.One of the core objectives of conservation tillage is to cover crop residues,reduce tillage links and increase the organic matter content of the soil,so the requirements for the working environment of no-till seeders will be higher.The development of maize planting patterns can also be described as diverse,including wide and narrow rows of maize planting,"one hole,two plants" maize planting,as well as this model as the main basis for the development and evolution of a variety of types of maize planting patterns,such as dense sowing cultivation,light and simple planting cultivation,the whole planting mechanised cultivation is the current trend of modern maize planting production in China.The development of modern maize cultivation is the trend of development in China,and the scientific research and application of cultivation models need to be closely focused on this premise.Therefore,the focus of this paper is to develop a no-till planter suitable for maize monopoly double row staggered cultivation technology,to achieve the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy.The research content and results are as follows.Firstly,according to the requirements of relevant agronomic techniques,this chapter proposes a more suitable root stubble treatment pattern and the technology of staggered dense planting of maize in single monopoly and double rows,which meets the specific practical needs of conservation tillage technology.Based on the characteristics of soil distribution in alpine areas,more suitable monopoly shape parameters and working depth parameters are confirmed.Finally a process flow diagram was drawn up for the organic integration of monopoly technology and conservation tillage technology.Next,the form and parameters of the ballast device,double disc opener,ground wheel and transmission mechanism were determined based on geometric analysis.The machine uses a V-shaped ballast wheel,which has a flexible rotation,is not easy to stick to the soil and can achieve good agronomic results.The diameter of the ballast wheel is 300 mm;the diameter of the double disc opener is 400 mm,the thickness is 4 mm,the value of β is 70°,the width of the furrow has a great relationship with the diameter of the disc and the angle of the disc.The power consumption is reduced by increasing the diameter of the ground wheel;the chain drive is chosen as the main transmission mechanism and the transmission ratio is determined.Then on the basis of the three-dimensional modelling design of the whole machine,the designed main beam and disc opener were simulated and analysed by solidworks finite element analysis module,and the stress cloud,strain cloud and deformation cloud of the main beam and disc opener were calculated respectively to ensure that the designed main beam and disc opener can meet the strength requirements,and the modal analysis of the designed main beam should be avoided as far as possible.The main beam was modal analysed to ensure that it is not affected by external vibrations and that the planting spacing is uniform.The EDEM software simulates the furrowing process of the disc opener and shows that the traction resistance is proportional to the depth of furrowing when the speed of furrowing is certain,and that the relationship is linear when the depth of furrowing is certain.Finally,the field test shows that the 2BMQF-4 no-till planter designed in this paper has good field passability and the machine works stably.