Effect Of Moringa Oleifera Leaf On Performance,Nutrient Metabolism,Antioxidant And Immune Function In Broilers

The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf（MOL）on performance,nutrient utilization,antioxidant and immune function in AA broilers.Exploring the safe and efficient dose of Moringa oleifera leaf in poultry feed for broiler production.A total 150,1-day old AA broilers with similar birth weight were randomly divided into 5groups with 5 replicates in each group and six broilers in each replicate.The diets inclusion 0%,4%,6%,8%and 10%Moringa oleifera leaf powder were fed to each group broliers,respectively.On the 1^st,21^st,and 42^nd days of the trial,the broilers were weighed after fasted for12 hours,the body weight and daily feed intake of each period were recorded for growth performance calculation.5 days metabolic experiment were carried out at the 17^th and 37^th days of the trials,and the slaughter experiment was carried out at the 21^st and 42^nd days.Three broilers were randomly selected from each repetition and slaughtered,and the blood,thymus,bursa of Fabricius and spleen were collected to test blood biochemical and immune indicators.The mucosa and digesta of duodenum,jejunum and ileum were collected for digestive enzyme activity test.The abdominal fat,breast muscles and leg muscles on both sides were weighed and collected.They were used for evaluating slaughter performance,and meat quality of 42-day-old,and muscle antioxidant capacity of 21-day-old and 42-day-old.The results are as follows:1.Effects of MOL on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Muscle Quality of AA Broilers（1）Adding 0%～8%of MOL in the feed have no significant influence on the growth performance of broilers（P>0.05）.When adding 10%MOL,the average daily feed intake of1-21 days old,the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of 21-42 days old and the average daily gain,average daily feed intake and final weight of 1-42 days old was significantly reduced（P<0.05）.（2）The MOL have no significant effect on the slaughter performance of broilers（P>0.05）.（3）The MOL had no significant effect on the p H and shear force of broiler muscles（P>0.05）.8%and 10%of MOL significantly increases the crude protein content of leg muscles and reduces the crude fat of leg muscles（P<0.05）,and have no significant effect on other nutrient（P>0.05）.（4）MOL affects the fatty acid composition of muscles.Adding 6%and above of MOL significantly increases the polyunsaturated fatty acid and P/S value（polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid）（P<0.05）.2.Effects of MOL on Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activity and Nutrient Metabolism of AA Broilers（1）Different levels of MOL significantly increased the crude fat metabolism rate of 17-21days old broilers（P<0.05）,but have no significant effect on the metabolism rate of dry matter,crude protein and energy（P>0.05）.（2）Adding different levels of MOL in the broiler feed did not have a significant effect on the digestive enzyme activity of the duodenum and ileum（P>0.05）,but the activity of tryptic protein at 21 days old with added the 4%,6%and 8%of MOL was significant increased（P<0.05）.（3）Different levels of MOL significantly increased the activity of lipase and amylase in the jejunum of 21-day-old broilers,and the activity of amylase in the jejunum of 42-day-old broilers（P<0.05）.3.Effect of MOL on Antioxidant Capacity of AA Broiler Muscle（1）Adding different levels of MOL in the broiler feed did significantly reduced the content of malondialdehyde（MDA）（P<0.05）.have no significant effect on the total antioxidant capacity（T-AOC）and superoxide dismutase（SOD）in the breast muscle of 21-day-old broilers;and have no significant effect on the T-AOC,SOD,and GSH-Px in the breast muscle of42-day-old broilers（P>0.05）.but for 21-day-old broilers,the SOD content of the 8%of MOL group was significantly higher than that of the 10%MOL group（P<0.05）.At the same time,adding 8%of MOL significantly increased the content of CAT and GSH-Px（P<0.05）.Adding 6%and above of MOL in broiler feed significantly increased the catalase（CAT）of the breast muscle of 42-day-old broilers（P<0.05）.（2）Adding different levels of MOL in broiler feed did not have a significant effect on the T-AOC、CAT、MDA in the thigh muscles of 21-day-old broilers and have no significant effect on the T-AOC、GSH-Px、SOD in the thigh muscles of 42-day-old broilers,but it significantly increased CAT in the thigh muscles of 42-day-old broilers（P<0.05）,and significantly reduced the MDA（P<0.05）.Adding 8%of MOL were significantly increased the CSH-Px and SOD in thigh muscles of 21-day-old broilers（P<0.05）.4.Effects of MOL on Immune Organs,Blood Immunoglobulin and Blood Biochemical Indexes of AA Broilers（1）Adding MOL in the broiler feed have no significant effect on the immune organ index and immunoglobulin of 21 and 42-day-old broilers（P<0.05）（2）Adding MOL in the broiler feed have no significant effect on serum albumin,total protein,aspartate aminotransferase,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of 21 and 42-day-old broilers（P>0.05）,but it significantly reduced the triglyceride content（P<0.05）.The serum total cholesterol content of 21 and 42-day-old broilers in the 8%and 10%of MOL groups was significantly decreased（P<0.05）.In summary,Adding no more than 8%MOL in the feed does not affect the growth performance and nutrient metabolism of AA broilers.At the same time,to a certain extent,it can increase the intestinal digestive enzyme activity,enhance the immune function and improve the muscle quality of AA broilers.