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Effects Of Application Of Organic Fertilizer And Effective Microorganisms On Quality And Soil Microecology Of Continuous Cropping Andrographis Paniculata

Posted on:2022-06-20Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:S L DuanFull Text:PDF
GTID:2493306554959989Subject:Pharmacy
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In the cultivation of Andrographis paniculata,continuous cropping obstacles affect the yield and quality of medicinal materials,and restrict the sustainable development of medicinal materials market.Organic fertilizer contains many kinds of organic matter such as amino acids,sugars and fats,as well as large,medium and trace elements such as nitrogen,phosphorus,calcium and magnesium.At the same time,it is also rich in vitamins,hormones,enzymes and other substances,which can fertilize the soil,promote plant growth,improve soil physical and chemical properties,and ease continuous cropping obstacles.Effective microorganisms(EM)solution can improve the nutrition condition of crops,exert the potential soil fertility,promote the growth and development of crops,resist diseases and insect pests,and improve the yield and quality of crops.In the study of alleviating the continuous cropping obstacle of medicinal plants,organic fertilizer or EM solution have good affection,but the effect of the combination of them on the continuous cropping obstacle of Andrographis paniculata has not been studied.In this paper,by field and pot experiments,three concentration gradients of organic fertilizer(0.42 kg/m~2,0.83 kg/m~2,1.25 kg/m~2)and EM solution(500 times dilution,1000 times dilution,2000 times dilution)were applied to mix with the soil for studying the effects of organic fertilizer and EM on the growth of Andrographis paniculata and soil micro ecological environment.The main results are as follows:Under the condition of continuous cropping,the combination of organic fertilizer and EM solution can improve the agronomic characteristics of Andrographis,and proper amount of organic fertilizer and EM solution can promote plant growth.In field experiment,the content of chlorophyll,the leaf area and plant height were significantly increased by the combination of medium and high organic fertilizer(0.83kg/m~2,1.25kg/m~2)and medium and low concentration EM solution(dilution 1000 times and dilution of 2000 times).In pot experiment,the height,leaf area,chlorophyll content,dry weight and fresh weight of Andrographis were significantly better than those treated with organic fertilizer or EM.The contents of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in Andrographis paniculata were significantly increased by using a certain concentration of organic fertilizer and EM solution(P<0.05).In the field experiment,the andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide of combine treatment in each period were higher than those of continuous cropping group,and the combination of medium and high concentrations of organic fertilizer and medium and low concentrations of EM solution had the most obvious advantage.The total contents of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide in the treatment of different concentrations of organic fertilizer combined with medium and low concentrations of EM solution were higher than those in other treatments and continuous cropping groups,and the contents of dehydroandrographolide in the treatment of medium and low concentrations of organic fertilizer combined with medium and low concentrations of EM solution were significantly higher than those in continuous cropping group and other treatments.The combination of organic fertilizer and EM solution can increase nutrients of soil,improve p H value,buffer and other physical and chemical properties in soil,and improve the activities of soil urease,sucrose enzyme,catalase and neutral phosphatase.In field experiment,the organic fertilizer and EM solution can increase the content of soil organic matter,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available potassium and effective phosphorus,among which the content of alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available potassium and effective phosphorus in medium and high concentration EM solution were significantly higher than that of the continuous treatment,and the enzyme activity of soil was significantly higher than that of the continuous treatment(P<0.05).In pot experiment,the bulk density of soil treated with organic fertilizer and EM was significantly lower than that of the single application treatment.The soil p H value,cation exchange amount,soil moisture content,soil available phosphorus and available potassium were significantly higher than those of continuous and other single application treatments.The activities of soil urease,neutral phospholipase,catalase and sucrose enzyme were significantly higher than those of the continuous treatment.The experiments showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer and EM increased the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in the soil of Andrographis paniculata continuous cropping.In field experiment,in different periods,compared with continuous treatment,the amount of soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes was significantly increased by the combination of medium and high concentrations of organic fertilizer and medium concentration EM.Combined application of organic fertilizer and EM could increase the diversity and richness of alpha and beta of soil bacterial community and improve soil microecology.The abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Proteobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,Firmicutes Bacillus and Sphingomonas increased significantly after treatment.Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil organic matter had the greatest impact on soil environment and soil flora.With the increase of soil organic matter,the abundance of Proteobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,Firmicutes,Bacillus,Sphingomonas and other beneficial bacteria increased significantly,and soil physicochemical properties and soil enzymes also had a certain impact on soil bacterial community.Function prediction analysis showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer and EM changed the microbial community and microbial community function,significantly improved the metabolic pathway function of amino acid,carbohydrate,energy,glycan biosynthesis metabolism and secondary metabolite synthesis,and affected the ecological function of microbial community in soil ecosystem.
Keywords/Search Tags:Andrographis paniculate, Continuous cropping obstacle, Organic fertilizer, Effective microorganisms, Soil microecology
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