Effects Of Different Water Treatments And Water-fertilizer Coupling On Physiological Characteristics Of Facilities Fig Leaves,Fruit Quality And Yield

【Object】The effects of different water treatment and water-fertilizer interaction on the growth,development,yield and quality of fig were analyzed by measuring the physiology,yield and quality of the fig tree.【Methods】In water treatment,Set irrigation limits for four field water holding capacity（FC）:conventional water supply WCK（80%FC）,mild drought LD（70%FC）,moderate drought MD（60%FC）,severe drought ED（50%FC）,The relative chlorophyll content,soluble sugar content,protein content,water content,hydrogen oxidase（CAT）activity,superoxide dismutase（SOD）activity,peroxidase（POD）activity,malondialdehyde（MDA）content,free proline（PRO）content,yield and quality were compared and evaluated.In the aspect of water-fertilizer coupling,the split zone was designed with two factors:irrigation amount as the main zone and fertilization amount as the secondary zone.the irrigation amount was set at four levels:conventional irrigation CK（1850 m³/hm²）,low water W1（1110 m³/hm²）,medium water W2（1480 m³/hm²）,high water W3（2220 m³/hm²）.Special fertilizer（N-P2O5-K2O=15-20-5）（ZF）set up 4 levels:FCK（0 kg/hm²）,ZF1（200 kg/hm²）,ZF2（400 kg/hm²）,ZF3（600 kg/hm²）;Three more bacterial fertilizer（MF）treatments were added to the CK level,MF1（40%ZF1 dosage+microbial inoculum）,MF2（60%ZF2dosage+microbial inoculum）,MF3（80%ZF3 dosage+microbial inoculum）,And a two-factor random combination,The growth and development changes,yield and quality indexes of figs were analyzed and determined under different treatments.【Results】The relative content of chlorophyll in fig leaves decreased with the increase of stress degree,At the ED processing,44.40%lower than WCK;The contents of leaf protein,soluble sugar and malondialdehyde increased with the increase of stress,All reached the maximum in ED processing,An increase of 260%,120%,473%over WCK treatment,The content of free proline osmotic regulator increased,The activities of catalase,superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were significantly enhanced,Maximum and higher than WCK 33%、90%、360%、6.2%;under ED treatment the relative water content of fig leaves decreased with the enhancement of stress treatment.A single fruit has a maximum value under MD treatment,62.11 g,achieved 20%more than WCK;LD second,an increase of 13.94%over WCK;ED treatment shows that the yield of the cell is the largest,At the third time,the yield can reach 13.90 kg,41%increase over WCK,LD second,An increase of 40.27%over WCK.Soluble solids had the highest content under ED treatment,22.17%,significantly higher than other treatments（P<0.05）,32.52%more than WCK;Vitamin C、reducing sugar showed the largest MD treatment,18.50 mg 100 g^-1、16.19%,respectively an increase of 37.04%and 22.0%respectively over the WCK,Based on principal component analysis,each quality index is comprehensively evaluated and sorted,As MD>ED>LD>WCK.W2-ZF2 treated fig internode length increased rapidly,At the same irrigation level,the growth of the length of the W2-ZF1、W2-ZF3 increased by 7.32%and 10.37%respectively,An increase of 11.47%and 29.77%over CK-ZF2、CK-FCK.Growth of stem diameter showed maximum under W2-ZF1 treatment,26.96%and 17.65%respectively,Compared with the same irrigation level,the W2-ZF2、W2-ZF3 increased by 16.90%and9.03%respectively.And the fig yield under W2-ZF1 treatment was significantly higher than that under other treatments,Production increased by 310.88%over CK-FCK treatment;Based on principal component analysis,each quality index is comprehensively evaluated and sorted,For the best quality of fig under W2-ZF3 treatment,soluble solids,vitamins C、reducing sugars increased by 59.18%,155.56%,and 63.09%compared with CK-FCK treatments,respectively.Under the same irrigation conditions,the internode length,stem diameter growth,yield and quality of fig were significantly better than those of other treatments.【Conclusion】Water treatment has obvious effects on the yield,quality and physiological and biochemical indexes of figs.the stronger the stress degree in a certain range,the lower the yield and the worse the quality of figs.fig itself can respond to environmental conditions by regulating the activity of osmotic substances and enzymes.Taking into account the physiological and biochemical indexes,yield and quality of fig leaves,it is considered that the water condition is better under MD treatment（60%FC）.Under the same irrigation amount,reducing fertilizer and increasing bacterial fertilizer can significantly promote the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of fig plants,so as to improve the yield and quality,and achieve the effect of weight loss and efficiency.Under the coupling action of water and fertilizer,the W2F1 treatment（irrigation 1480 m³/hm²,special fertilizer 200 kg/hm²）is to obtain the water and fertilizer ratio with higher yield of figs.W2F3（irrigation 1480 m³/hm²,special fertilizer 600 kg/hm²）treatment is to obtain the better quality of fig water and fertilizer ratio.