Effects Of Water And Fertilizer Coupling On Photosynthetic,Quality And Yield Of Vegetables In Helan

Aiming at the practical problems such as waste of irrigation water and unclear rules of water and fertilizer requirement for different varieties of vegetables in Tongyi Village and Yongxing Village,Ligang town of Helan.This paper systematically studied the effects of different irrigation quotas and fertilization rates on the growth,photosynthetic,quality and yield of broccoli and healding lettuce of Helan by random block experiment.To provide theoretical basis and technical support for high quality and yield increase of vegetables in Helan area.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)Using sandy loam soil as test soil and "NaiHan YouXiu" broccoli as test varieties,three irrigation quotas were set as:W1:1445 m3/hm2,W2:1815 m3/hm2,W3:2175 m3/hm2 and three fertilization(N:P2O5:K2O=4:1:1)rates were set as:F1:960 kg/hm2;F2:1200 kg/hm2;F3:1440 kg/hm2,to investigate the effects of different irrigation and fertilizer quota combinations on the growth,photosynthesis and yield of broccoli.The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter,net photosynthetic rate and yield of W3F2 were the highest,while the number of leaves,vitamin C,soluble sugar,nitrate content in W2F3 were the best and the soluble solid was the best under the treatment of W1F3.Irrigated water quota and fertilized amount had significant effects on the yield of broccoli.The yield of broccoli increased with the increase of irrigation quota and then decreased with the increase of pure top fertilizer amount.The maximum yield of W3F2 treatment was 28013.40kg/hm2.Through comprehensive analysis,under the condition that the rainfall during the growth period of the year is 93.7mm,that the optimal combination of water and fertilizer suitable for local broccoli was determined to be W3F2 treatment,that irrigation water of 2175m3/hm2 and fertilization of 1200kg/hm2,irrigation quota of 225m3/hm2 and fertilization quota of 200kg/hm2,irrigation times are 8 times and fertilization times are 6 times,with the highest yield,photosynthetic and well quality.(2)Using sandy loam soil as test soil and "SaLin NaSi" healding lettuce as test varieties,three irrigation quotas were set as:W1:948m3/hm2,W2:1098m3/hm2,W3:1248m3/hm2 and three fertilization(N:P2O5:K2O=8.72:2:1.59)rates were set as:F1:440m3/hm2;F2:550kg/hm2;F3:660kg/hm2,to investigate the effects of different irrigation and fertilizer quota combinations on the growth,photosynthesis and yield of healding lettuce.The results showed that the plant height,development degree and net photosynthetic rate of W2F3 treatment were the best.The vitamin C,soluble solids,nitrate content of W2F3 treatment were the best.The soluble sugar content of W3F2 treatment were the best and the soluble solid was the best under the treatment of W1F3.The irrigation quota and the fertilizer on lettuce have a significant impact on yield,yield increases with increasing the amount of fertilizer,reduced along with the increase of irrigation quota increase before.The treatment of W2F3 processing yield up to 10924.61 kg/hm2.Through comprehensive analysis,under the condition that the rainfall during the growth period of the year is 17.9mm,to determine the suitable for local and lettuce cucumber in water in the best combination of W2F3 processing,that the irrigation water of 1098 m3/hm2,fertilization:660 kg/hm2,irrigation quota is 34.5m3/hm2,fertilizer quota of:solid weight 330 kg/hm2(1 time),with water fertilization 33 kg/hm2(10 times),irrigation times are 18,fertilizing times are 11,the highest yield,the highest photosynthetic indexes,the quality is well.