| The country is based on the people,and the people depend on food.Because China has a large population and is a large country in food production and consumption,its food development status,food production potential,and grain sown area have always become major concerns.Food problems are also important for maintaining national stability,economic development,social harmony,and governing the country.As an important link,the issue of food security has also become a hot topic in society.As one of the main food crops in China,rice has the spatial and temporal distribution and change information of its planting structure,which is the scientific basis of agricultural planting structure adjustment policy and an important research content of sustainable agricultural development.Ther efore,timely grasping the change law and driving mechanism of rice planting area has important theoretical and practical significance for ensuring China’s food security,optimizing rice planting structure,rationally planting and promoting the healthy development of rice production.In this context,this paper uses a comprehensive application of the Nich index,GIS spatial analysis,and gravity center migration to explore the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution of the area of planting of one-and two-season rice in 24 counties and districts in Dongting Lake from 1987 to 2017.By constructing an evaluation index system that affects the planted area of rice,a comparative analysis of the influencing factors in 1987 and 2017 with the help of a geographic detector model,and based on the results,explore the reasons for the changes in the planted area of rice,and propose stable rice based on regional characteristics and agricultural policies Areas,regulatory pathways to improve rice quality.The results are as follows:(1)During the period from 1987 to 2017,the area of the first season rice in the Dongting Lake area showed an upward trend as a whole.The area of the first season rice in the Qiugangshan area was greater than that in the Central Plains.From 2007 to 2017,the area of the first season rice in the area was close to the first season rice.The area of double-season rice showed two trends: first fall,then rise,and continuous decline.In 2002,most areas such as Qijiang City,Nanxian County,and Taoyuan County began to rise steadily,becoming double-season rice area.The main inflection point of change;the relative development rate of the first and double cropping areas during the period 1987-2002 showed a gradient pattern of high west and low east,and the relative development rate of the first crop between 2002 and 2017 showed a high-low-high stripe pattern.Change pattern,the relative development rate of double-crop rice showed a change pattern of high in the north and low in the south.(2)In the past 30 years,the center of gravity of single and double cropped rice areas in the Dongting Lake area has changed significantly.Among them,the change in the center of gravity of the first-season rice planting area showed an inverted "S" shape,and it migrated to the southwest as a whole.-Northwest to northeast migration law,and gradually moved to the northern area of Dongting Lake.(3)Changes in rice planting area and regional differentiation in the Dongting Lake area are the result of interactions and interactions of various factors such as environmental changes,family structure and social development.The main factors affecting rice planting area in 1987 were the sown area of cash crops,irrigated area,the total output value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,and urbanization rate;the main factors affecting the rice plantation area in 2017 were irrigated area,total output value of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,and machine farming Area,total power of agricultural machinery,etc.There are five pairs of interaction factors q values greater than or equal to 0.86 in the interactive detection results,which is the highest among 132 pairs of interaction factors.It can be seen that the change in rice planting area is not only affected by a single factor,but also It is affected by a number of factors.(4)Based on the spatial and temporal evolution and regularity of rice planting area in counties and cities in the Dongting Lake region,combined with the development characteristics of rice planting area in Dongting Lake,to overcome the constraints of rice planting,to achieve the goal of stable rice planting area and improving quality.Regarding the reasonable layout of rice planting area,we should regulate the path: in terms of natural environment characteristics,we should pay attention to the sustainability of agricultural resource utilization,strengthen the protection of basic farmland,and reasonably introduce rice paddy irrigation and drainage technologies;in terms of family characteristics,actively cultivate new types of professional farmers To vigorously promote mechanized planting and improve the construction of farmland infrastructure;in terms of social security features,establish a sound land transfer system,implement a follow-up subsidy policy for fine varieties,increase the purchase price of rice,and implement a loan policy for rice farmers. |
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