The Impact Of Ecological Benefit Compensation Policy Of Public Welfare Forest On Household Income And Policy Satisfaction

Since the strategy of "ecological civilization construction" was put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,improving people’s livelihood and protecting ecology have attracted wide attention from all sectors of society.Public welfare forest plays an important ecological benefit in improving ecological environment and promoting ecological balance.However,the ecological benefits of public welfare forests have significant external economy,which will directly restrict the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in the construction of public welfare forests.So the ecological benefits of public welfare forests must be compensated.The policy of ecological compensation for public welfare forests is not only an important means to protect the environment in ecologically fragile areas,but also plays an increasingly prominent economic incentive role in increasing the income of farmers.It is an important issue worth studying whether the continuously improved compensation standard for ecological benefits of public welfare forests can solve the contradiction between ecological environment protection and farmers’ economic development and satisfy the farmers concerned with interests.Based on the externality theory,sustainable development theory,dual structure theory,farmer behavior theory and customer satisfaction theory,this study enriches the research of forest ecological compensation policy.Secondly,using the field survey data of Shanxi Province,the differences in basic characteristics,family resource endowment,income status,policy satisfaction and other aspects of farmers participating in forest ecological benefit compensation policy and those not participating in forest ecological benefit compensation policy were compared and analyzed.Then,it uses the survey data of 358 peasant households in Shanxi province collective forest area to use the quantile regression and OLS regression analysis of the ecological compensation for the influence of different income level of farmers income,and to use the ordered probit model to analyze the influence factors of farmers’ public welfare forest ecological compensation policy satisfaction.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)There are significant differences between farmers who were involved in the forest ecological compensation and those who were not involved in the forest ecological compensation in terms of basic characteristics of farmers,family resource endowment and income status of farmers.(2)Empirical analysis of the impact of forest ecological compensation on household income: Forest ecological compensation had a positive but not significant impact on household income.After the income structure was refined,the forest ecological compensation policy had a significant positive effect on the forestry income of the household,but not on the non-forestry income.Then this study segmented the income level,the forest ecological compensation had a significant positive effect on the 0.1 and 0.5 ～ 0.7points,that is,the effect of increasing the income of the extremely low income and middle and high income groups of farmers in the public welfare forest area were more significant.(3)The impact of ecological compensation amount and income had a significant positive impact on the satisfaction degree of ecological compensation policy of farmers in public welfare forests.This further proved that there was a positive correlation between the change of family income caused by ecological compensation policy and the satisfaction degree of forest farmers.In terms of policy implementation,policy cognition,policy publicity and degree of implementation all had a significant positive impact on policy satisfaction.Based on the research conclusions,the following suggestions are put forward: First,the government should expand the coverage of the ecological benefit compensation policy of public welfare forest,pay attention to the fairness of the subsidy policy,so that more farmers can enjoy the benefits of the ecological benefit compensation policy of public welfare forest.Second,a comprehensive long-term subsidy system suitable for sustainable management and development of public welfare forests in collective forest areas should be established.In the process of policy implementation,the flexibility and precision of the policy should be improved,and the compensation standard should be determined by classifying compensation methods,so as to maintain the balance between the forestry ecosystem and the economic system and effectively increase the income of farmers.In addition,various measures should be taken to increase the amount of ecological compensation,standardize the management of policy implementation,so as to improve the policy satisfaction of farmers and promote the sustainable management of public welfare forest in collective forest areas.