Study On Ecological Adaptation And Artificial Cultivation Techniques Of Two Species Of Meconopsis Seedlings In Southeast Tibet

M.integerifolia is a kind of wild alpine flower with high medicinal and ornamental value.In 1999,it was listed as a class I endangered Tibetan medicine due to the extensive exploitation of native communities in recent decades and habitat fragmentation caused by climate change such as global warming,which seriously threatens the wild population and makes it extremely urgent to carry out germplasm resource protection and artificial cultivation.and M.racemosa is a kind of wild flower with high introduction value because of its unique color and flower pattern,which is also widely used in traditional Tibetan medicine.The study of their seedling adaptability in the wild is of pioneering significance for the sustainable utilization and protection of these two rare alpine plant resources,which are both ornamental and medicinal,as well as for artificial cultivation in the future.In order to study the field adaptation of the seedlings of the two species Meconopsis and explore the possibility of artificial cultivation,field culture experiments were carried out in the original habitat of the Sejila Mountain Pass at altitude of 4500m,and other four altitude gradiens of 4200m,3900m,3600m,3300m.and the artificial cultivation experiments were carried out in the Rare and Endangered Garden Plant Breeding base of Xizang Agriculture and Animal husbandry University.Through the above experimental work,the following main results were obtained:（1）Simulation of artificial natural environment compared to the original habitat soil was more suitable for two species Meconopsis seedling emergence and preservation,and the temperature rise of separate role to promote two species Meconopsis seedling emergence and the ability to save,but along the elevation gradient of seedling cultivation experiment found that as the elevation dropped two species Meconopsis seedlings under natural environment preservation capacity are coming down.This indicates that the positive effect of temperature on the two species Meconopsis seedlings is weaker than the negative effect of assimilation at high to low altitudes.In other words,global warming will have a negative effect on the survival of the two species Meconopsis in the future.In addition,the emergence and preservation of M.integerifolia seedlings were more adaptable to the downward change of altitude than that of M.racemosa.（2）Mixed culture media（Soil:Vermiculite:Perlite=1:1:1）,the temperature of 20℃（day）/10℃（night）and 60%light transmittance（the shading light condition of the single layer shading net）could meet the needs of the emergence and preservation of the seedlings in the artificial environment.The water content variation of media between15%and 45%had no significant effect on the emergence and preservation ability of M.integerifolia.（3）Under high light intensity(2400μmol·m^–2·s^–1～2600μmol·m^–2·s^–1),the seedlings of M.integerifolia showed photoinhibition.Compared with other M.integerifolia seedlings,the M.integerifolia seedlings cultivated with mixed culture media（Soil:Vermiculite:Perlite=1:1:1）in moderate soil water content（25%±5%）had the highest water use efficiency and net photosynthetic rate in each light gradient.