Study On The Effect Of Oregano Oil On Improving The Production Performance And Intestinal Flora Of Plateau Greenfoot Chicken

The Tibet Autonomous Region is located in the southwest of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau(QTP),known as the “third pole of the world”,with an average altitude of more than 4000 m above sea level and a vast in the territory of China.Agriculture and animal husbandry have been the predominant industry supporting the Tibetan economy,although tourism is expanding.Under cold season and low oxygen environment,Grass-Feeding Livestock always suffered seasonal live-weight variations and viciously cycled in”alive in summer,strong in autumn,thin in winter,tired in spring ”,due to “ seasonal fluctuations in herbage supply and the contradiction between herbage supply and livestock’s requirement”so the plateau animal meat products shortage are in short supply.But the plateau chicken with its short growth cycle characteristics can make up for the winter meat shortage problem,and has received the widespread attention.therefore,the production performance of plateau chickens are improved,and it is particularly important that chickens ’ resistance are enhanced and adapt to plateau environment.It can be a useful supplement to the shortage of the meat products supply.This study chooses 150 45-day-old Greenleg Partridge Chickens(GPC).150 45-day-old Greenleg Partridge Chickens(GPC)were randomly divided into 3 groups,respectively,experiment group I,control I group and control group II,and 40 d of GPC feeding experiments.This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary with the oregano oil on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,antioxidation and intestinal flora of GPC.It is provide experimental basis for its application and development in the plateau poultry health production.Results show that: 1.Starting from the first week(58-64 d),GPC(group I)intake increased more than those of control group and control group II(P<0.05).Until the fourth week(79-85 d),compared with other two groups,GPC(group I)keep the highest daily gain,GPC(group I)were higher than those of control I group and control group II,and the feed conversion ratio remains the lowest,that oregano oil is added in the diet chicken production performance has a promoting effect on the plateau,and the effect is obvious.In terms of crude protein digestibility,experiment group I(the group of oregano oil)was significantly better than the other two groups(P<0.05).The addition of oregano oil increased the apparent digestibility.In terms of slaughter performance,the chest muscle rate and lean meat rate of experiment group I(the oregano oil group)were higher than those of the control I control group and control group II(the aureomycin group),and the difference was significant(P<0.05).The slaughter rate,semi-clean chamber rate,fully clean chamber rate,carcass and leg muscle rate were the highest in the oregano oil group,which improved the slaughter performance.In terms of muscle quality,there were no significant differences among the three test groups in terms of water power,p H value and tenderness(P>0.05).The results showed that the daily weight gain was the highest and the ratio of feed to meat was the lowest after adding oregano oil into the diet.At the same time,the pectoral muscle rate and lean meat rate were increased,it was resulted in the highest slaughter rate in experiment group I,but no adverse effect on the quality of chicken.2.Add the oregano oil,in blood physiological indexes,both total number of white blood cell(WBC)and the total number of lymphocytes(LY#)in group I and group II are lower than the control I control group.hemoglobin concentration(HGB)in group I increased to about 170 g/L.It was showed that GPC in plateau area enhanced the ability of disease resistance and improve the immunity by lowering the WBC and LY#.The ability of transporting oxygen can be enhanced by increasing the content of HGB,so as to better adapt to the plateau environment.The highest immunoglobulin content(Ig G)of group I was171.61 ug/ml,which was significantly higher than those of group II and the control I group(P<0.05).It was indicated again that oregano oil could improve the immunity of high-altitude broilers.The content of SOD in the leg muscle,chest muscle and liver tissue of group I(the oreganum oil group)increased but the content of MDA decreased in the leg muscle,chest muscle and liver tissue of group I.and the content of T-AOC in the leg muscle and chest muscle in group I was significantly increased.The content of SOD in serum in group I was particularly significant increased in the serum detection group more than those of group II and the control I group(P<0.05).The contents of GPT and GOT in group I were higher than those of the control I control group and group II.It can improve the antioxidant capacity of the body,and promote protein synthesis and metabolism by increasing the activity of GOT and GPT,so as to increase the growth rate.At the same time of GPC’s rapid growth,there was no significant difference in the biochemical indexes of blood added with oregano oil in the diet,it was indicated that oregano oil had no damage to the viscera of highland broilers and could be safely used.Intestinal section by data analysis from group I,duodenum villus length and crypt depth,and the ratio of both are respectively455.6 um and 37.4 um and 12.2.Jejunum villus length and crypt depth,and the ratio of both are respectively 390.0 um and 33.4 um and 11.7.Duodenum,jejunum numerical and the ratio of both of group I were significantly better than the control group and group II,it was extremely significant difference(P<0.01).It is shown that oregano oil can increase the length of villi and the depth of crypt and promote the absorption of nutrients in the intestinal tract.After using oreganum oil and aureomycin,the abundance of the undefined genus of clostridium coli in the escherichia coli increased,which was beneficial to the digestion and absorption of saccharide feed.Lactobacillus is abundant in the small intestine.According to the comprehensive data,the addition of oregano oil improved the intestinal flora and intestinal structure,which was conducive to the digestion and absorption of feed for highland broilers,improved the feed conversion rate.In the same,it enhanced the immunity and antioxidant capacity,and promoted growth,and it was safe and non-toxic.Oregano oil can be used as an alternative to the antibiotic Aureomycin,The application of oregano oil in plateau chickens is worth popularizing.