| China is a big country of fresh water fishery,and the output of fresh water fishery ranks the top in the world.Although the output of freshwater fishery is larger,the processing efficiency is still far behind that of developed countries.There are a series of problems in the development of fishery processing in China,such as low degree of mechanization,inadequate utilization of raw materials,pollution and waste of leftover materials,which greatly restrict the rapid development of fishery economy.The pretreatment of freshwater fish is the primary link of fishery processing,and the development of efficient pretreatment equipment for freshwater fish is an important content in the development of modern fishery.Based on the body characteristics of four kinds of freshwater fish with the highest yield in China(grass carp,silver carp,bighead carp and carp),grass carp and bighead carp with large body differences were selected as research objects.,by applying the method of inverse calculation methods,computer aided modularization design method and the design method of concurrent design method,,combined with anterior dislocation of the freshwater fish processing(to scales,to organs,to black membrane)process and requirements on former processor to design scheme,design a pinch institutions,to scale mechanism,transmission mechanism,cutting mechanism,viscera removal mechanism and so on five big black film.The flexible deformation characteristics of spring are fully applied to the design of each mechanism to enhance the applicability of each mechanism to the difference of fish body.Descaling mechanism is composed of side descaling mechanism,top descaling mechanism and bottom descaling mechanism.Flexible descaling tool and top descaling tool are designed by copying method to improve the removal rate of fish scales.The conveying mechanism is composed of conveying entry mechanism,upper conveying mechanism and automatic chain regulator.The fish body is transported by the spiked chain as the carrier,which realizes the automation of the pretreatment process.The viscera black membrane removing mechanism is composed of viscera removing mechanism and black membrane removing mechanism.The method of "shovel first and grind later" is used to remove dirty and black membranes in fish body.Using Workbench19.2 to carry out different forms of mechanical analysis and check on the key parts to determine that the designed parts meet the working requirements of the machine.PLC is used to control the motor,and the transmission path of power is reasonably arranged.Transmission mechanism A and transmission mechanism B are designed to realize the efficient transmission of power.In order to improve the utilization rate of raw materials and reduce the pollution of waste materials to the environment,the fish scale collection plate and the viscera collection plate are designed to collect the fish scales and viscera respectively.Finally,some prototype tests were carried out on the descaling mechanism of small freshwater fish pretreatment machine.The results showed that the descaling rate was greater than 95%,which verified the rationality of the design of the mechanism.In view of the existing problems in the pre-treatment of freshwater fish,combined with the corresponding treatment process,the relevant research on the pre-treatment of freshwater fish was carried out.Through the design analysis of parts and prototype verification,it was finally determined that the designed small automatic pre-treatment machine for freshwater fish could meet the requirements of the pre-treatment of freshwater fish. |
