Study On Nutrient Supply Capacity Of Typical Soil And Effect Of Vegetable Fertilizer In Ningxia

Soil fertility capacity affects crop productivity.The basic soil fertility is high,the nutrient supply capacity is strong,and the crop yield is high.The effect of increasing fertilizer on the soil with higher fertility is not obvious,while the effect of increasing fertilizer on the soil with lower fertility is significant.Therefore,it is very important for crop production to master the fertility supply capacity of the soil and apply fertilization reasonably.In this paper,through greenhouse potted and field experiments,the nutrient supply capacity of three typical soils in Ningxia(irrigated silt soil,aeolian sandy soil,lime-calcium soil)and the fertilization effect of celery and tomato are studied.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium carried by celery without fertilization was used to characterize the supply of soil nutrients.The supply of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of celery in the field test in limestone soil was 31.47,6.02,29.66 kg·hm-2,respectively.A pot experiment of irrigated silt soil and aeolian sand soil were collected from a typical area to simulate the soil fertility supply in the field test.The supply of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the irrigated silt soil were 55.22,7.40,and 51.23 kg·hm-2,respectively;the supply of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the sandy soil they are 22.43,3.50,and 43.14 kg·hm-2 respectively.(2)The yield effect of celery in the field experiment:the yield of NPK,NP,NK,and PK treatments increased by 791.15%,576.65%,439.55%,and 348.89%respectively compared with CK,and the yield increase rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrients was 98.52%,65.16%,31.69%;respectively.the celery in the whole fertilizer area needs to absorb 1.35,0.26,and 1.49 kg of N,P2O5,and K2O for every t of celery produced,and the demand ratio is 1:0.19:1.1;the relative yields of N,P2O5,and K2O are 50.37%,60.55%,75.93%respectively;the agronomic efficiencies of N,P2O5,and K2O are 206.13 kg·kg-1,163.87 kg·kg-1,and 150.90 kg·kg-1,respectively.(3)Calcareous soil that has been continuously planted for many years in the greenhouse,although the surplus of nitrogen and phosphorus is high,the spraying of trace elements makes the absorption and distribution of nutrients by tomatoes significantly different.During the entire growth period of the tomato,under different fertilization treatments,the amount of tomato is The absorption of elements is Ca>Mg,and the absorption of Ca and Mg is mainly concentrated in tomato leaves,followed by fruits;under different fertilization treatments,tomato has the most absorption of trace element Fe,the lowest absorption of Cu,The absorption of boron,iron,manganese,copper,and zinc is mainly concentrated in tomato leaves.(4)Field test tomato yield effect:NPK,B,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,mixed treatments increased production by 3.21,8.20,7.81,436.99,7.05,5.52,4.93,8.58,7.53 t·hm-2,compared with CK treatment,respectively,spraying of trace elements can increase the weight and fruit setting rate of tomatoes,and increase the yield of tomatoes.For tomatoes treated with N,P,and K,the absorption of Ca and Mg per ton of tomato fruit is 1.41 kg and 0.13 kg,respectively.the demand ratio is 10.79:1;the tomato fruit’s absorption of B,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn is 5.24,113.89,3.91,2.57,4.24 g,and the demand ratio is 1.24:26.86:0.92:0.61:1;(5)Spraying trace elements during the tomato growth period can improve tomato yield and quality to a certain extent,increase tomato single fruit weight and fruit setting rate,and promote tomato yield.NPK,B,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,mixed treatments are better CK treatment increased production by 3.21,8.20,7.81,436.99,7.05,5.52,4.93,8.58,7.53 t·hm～2,and N,P5 and K treatment of tomatoes,the absorption of Ca and Mg for every 1 t of tomato fruit production was 1.41,respectively kg and 0.13 kg,the demand ratio is 10.79:1;the absorption of B,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn is 5.24,113.89,3.91,2.57,4.24 g,and the demand ratio is 1.24:26.86:0.92:0.61:1;The trace elements in the foliar spray significantly increase the transverse and longitudinal meridian of tomatoes,and at the same time effectively promote the soluble solids,titratable acid,soluble sugar,and vitamin C content of tomatoes.