Response Of Tomato With Drip Irrigation Under Plastic Mulch To Water And Nitrogen Supply

Water and nitrogen plays a very important role in the process of tomato growth with themarket demand increasing and people living standard rising in recent years. At present, theblind fertilization and irrigation caused the frequent disease of vegetable crops, reducing yield,quality losses and waste of water resources in greenhouse vegetable production. It is veryimportance for theory and technology of water and nitrogen research and scientific irrigationfertilization management measures to improve the water and nitrogen use efficiency,reasonable utilization of water and fertilization resources, agricultural vegetable yield, qualityand defend of ecological environment. The experiment was conducted with the material oftomato in Yangling District, Shanxi Province in April2013. It is study on effect of onphysiological and ecological index of tomato plant in different water and nitrogen supply withdrip irrigation under plastic mulch and provide theoretical basis for high yield and goodquality cultivation.1. Tomato plant height and leaf area increased when the irrigation water amount andN-rate increased. The stem diameter showed a trend of “first increase then down” with theincrease of irrigation water amount and N-rate. The tomato plant height, stem diameter, leafarea presented a trend of "S" type curve in the whole growth period, and Logistic curve modelwas adopted to simulate tomato plant morphological growth trend along with the change ofgrowth period, and the results show that the fitting results are good, the precision is higher.2.95%of total tomato root length was concentration in the0～30cm soil layer, the rootlength density decreased exponentially when the soil layer increased. Root characteristicparameters showed a trend of “first increase then down” with the increase of N-rate andirrigation water amount. The principal component analysis showed that the order of treatmentwith effect of root control is I2N2, I2N3, I1N1.3. The tomato yield reduced after the first rise with the increase of irrigation wateramount. Tomato yield in I2and I3treatment were significantly higher than I1treatment. Thecanonical correlation analysis showed that the increase of plant height and leaf area maycause the increase of fruit weight and yield reduction and the increase of root length and drymatter leads to increase yield and reduce fruit weight. The increase of stem diameter help rise of fruit set. The grey correlation analysis method can be further showed the order ofcorrelation between growth traits and yield is root, plant height, leaf area, dry matter, stemdiameter.4. Soluble solids reduced after the first rise with the increase of N-rate while organicacids and nitrate decreased with the increase of N-rate. Soluble solids and soluble sugardecrease with the increase of irrigation water amount while VC, lycopene, organic acid andnitrate reduced after the first rise with the increase of irrigation water amount. Soluble solidwas significantly positive related to VC and lycopene. lycopene was very significant positivecorrelation with VC, organic acid and was significantly positive related to nitrate. The fuzzycomprehensive evaluation method was evaluated comprehensively that the order of treatmentwith tomato quality comprehensive evaluation is I1N2, I1N1, I3N3.5. The order of tomato nutrient uptake is K, N, P. Tomato plant total nitrogen increasedsignificantly with the increase of N-rate and reduced after the first rise with the increase ofirrigation water amount. Pant total phosphorus and total potassium increases with the increaseof N-rate in I1treatment and reduced after the first rise with the increase of N-rate in I2and I3treatment. The P, K nutrient uptake of tomato in N2and N3treatment were significantlyhigher than that of I1treatment. Tomato plant nitrogen uptake increased with thetransplanting days, plant nitrogen concentration increases with the increase of N-rate,decrease with the increase of dry matter.6. The intensity of water consumption of tomato plant increases took on the trend of“first increase then decrease last increase” with whole growth period. Water consumption ofthe tomato plants increase significantly with the increase of irrigation water amount. Wateruse efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency significantly reduced with theincreased of irrigation water amount and reduced after the first rise with the increase of N-rate.The water and nitrogen production function model showed that fruit enlargement period is themost sensitive period to water and nitrogen, and the appropriate control of irrigation wateramount and N-rate helps to improve the fruit rate and increase production in blossom andfruit-bearing stage.7. There were the optimal pattern of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization when theirrigation water amount and N-rate were222.8mm and250kg/hm2, respectively.