The Effect Of Different Dietary Fiber On Constipation And Its Mechanism

This experiment aims to explore the effects of different dietary fibers in relieving constipation and their molecular mechanisms.The experiment is divided into two parts: 1.Relief and mechanism of different dietary fiber(inulin,Jerusalem artichoke and isomalto-oligosaccharide)on constipation rats;2.Feed the dietary fiber with better effect feed the pregnant sows and explore its effects on constipation and reproductive performance of the sows.1.The relief effect of different dietary fibers on constipation in rats and its mechanism36 female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: negative control group(NCO group),gavage 2 mL distilled water per day;constipation group(CTP group),gavage 2 mL 40 mg/kg compound diphenoxylate per day;inulin group(INU+CTP group),gavage 2 mL 40 mg/kg compound diphenoxylate per day and add 2% inulin to the basic diet;Jerusalem artichoke group(JEA+CTP group),gavage 2 mL 40 mg/kg compound diphenoxylate per day and add 2%Jerusalem artichoke to the basic diet;isomalto-oligosaccharide group(IMO+CTP group),gavage 2 mL 40 mg/kg compound diphenoxylate per day and add 2% isomalto-oligosaccharide group to the basic diet.Results showed that adding inulin and Jerusalem artichoke significantly reduced the discharge time of the first black stool;The addition of three kinds of dietary fibers can protect the integrity of the mucosa,as evidenced by the increased villus height and villus/crypt ratio.The serum adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)content was significantly reduced after the addition of dietary fibe;addition of three dietary fiber fibers all resulted in a significant increase in serum motilin(MTL)content;inulin significantly reduced serum vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) content and markedly increased the content of MTL in the colon tissue.Both inulin and Jerusalem artichoke significantly increased the content of substance P(SP) in the colon tissue of rats,and all the three fibers significantly reduced the content of the colon tissue VIP content.Jerusalem artichoke and isomalto-oligosaccharide significantly reduced the content of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)in the colon tissues.Adding JEA significantly increased the SP content in the colon tissue.The above gastrointestinal hormones are important indicators of intestinal peristalsis.The above results indicate that constipation is alleviated.After adding inulin,the expression level of VIP and Protein Kinase A(PKA)in the colon significantly decreased;after the addition of JEA,the expression of VIP,Adenylate Cyclase 5(Adcy5)and PKA in the colon significantly decreased,and the expression level of Aquaporin 3(AQP3)in the colon was significantly increased;After the addition of isomalto-oligosaccharide,the expression level of PKA and Adcy5 in the colon significantly reduced.The concentrations of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid,isobutyric acid,and valeric acid in INU groups were significantly increased in the colon content;adding Jerusalem artichoke significantly upregulated the levels of propionic acid and isobutyric acid in the colon content;isomalto-oligosaccharide significantly increased acetic acid and butyric acid in colon content.Jerusalem artichoke significantly increased α diversity while inulin significantly increased β diversity in the colon content.The experiment also showed that Jerusalem artichoke and isomalto-oligosaccharide dramatically increased the content of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus reuteri in the colon content.In summary,inulin has the best effect in relieving constipation in rats,followed by isomalto-oligosaccharide.2.Effects of inulin and isomalto-oligosaccharide on constipation and reproductive performance of pregnant sowsBased on the rat experiment results,inulin and isomalto-oligosaccharide with better constipation relief effects were selected for the sow experiment.Thirty Landrace sows on the 64 th day of gestation were selected.According to the principle of similar body weight and similar parity in each group,the sows were randomly divided into 3 groups,each with 10 sows,and the experiment period was 40 days.Negative control group(NCO)feedthe basic diet;inulin group(INU)feed the basic diet+0.5% inulin;isomalto-oligosaccharide group(IMO)feed the basic diet+0.5% isomalto-oligosaccharide.The diet is made of powder and no antibiotics are added.The sow pregnancy experiment showed that adding 0.5% inulin could improve the intestinal flora,significantly reduce the content of potential pathogens such as Turicibacter;adding isomalto-oligosaccharide significantly increase the number of litters,VFA contents,reduce the content of potential pathogens such as Turicibacter which ultimately improved the reproductive performance of sows.In conclusion,the addition of 2% inulin,Jerusalem artichoke and isomalto-oligosaccharide reduced constipationrats gastrointestinal transit time,increased villus height and villus crypt ratio,and changed the expression of genes on the VIP-Adcy5-PKA-AQP3 signaling pathway.It improves excitatory brain-gut peptides,reduces inhibitory brain-gut peptides,increases the content of Lactobacillus reuteri in the colon,increases the VFA content,and finally achieves the effects of alleviating constipation and reducing stress in rats.Among them,inulin has the best effect,followed by isomaltose.The addition of 0.5% inulin can regulate the intestinal flora and reduce potential pathogens such as Turicibacter;while 0.5% isomalto-oligosaccharide significantly increase the number of litters alive in the sow’s litter and reduce potential pathogens such as Turicibacter.Increase the content of VFA and ultimately improve the reproductive performance of sows.