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The Interference Effects Of Key Magnetic Response Genes On The Longevity And Fecundity Of Brown Planthopper(Nilaparvata Lugens)under Near-Zero Magnetic Field

Posted on:2020-03-13Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:J L HeFull Text:PDF
GTID:2493306314496784Subject:Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control
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Organisms living on earth are markedly affected by the geomagnetic field(GMF).Magnetic field which presents the gradient from the geomagnetic equator to the geomagnetic poles not only provides orientation and navigation information for the long-distance movement of organisms,but also produces magnetic biological effects on the growth,development and reproduction of organisms.The strength of the earth’s magnetic field has been weakening for nearly a thousand years,which is bound to have some impact on the earth’s organisms exposed to it for a long time.Therefore,the Helmholtz coil,which can screen the geomagnetic intensity,is used to simulate the near-zero magnetic field,so as to clarify the mechanism of magnetic biological effects of three key magnetic response genes based on longevity and fecundity regulation,and to analyze the interaction among three genes.The results lay a foundation for the further identification of the magnetic receptors and their magnetic response biological pathways in migratory insects.At present,there are two hypotheses about the mechanism of biomagnetic responses:the magnetic particle-mediated magnetic receptor hypothesis,and the light-dependent radical-pair reaction hypothesis in cryptochrome(Cry).In addition,Chinese scientists have recently proposed a biological compass model based on magnetic receptor protein-cryptochrome interactions.In addition,Chinese scientists have recently proposed a biological compass model based on magnetic the interaction between cryptochrome and magnetoreceptor protein(MagR).Therefore,studies have been conducted around this two potential magnetic receptor genes,Cry and MagR,in organisms,which are considered to be key magnetic response genes.However,the magnetic biological effects based on these two key genes are not clear.The brown planthopper(Nilaparvata lugens)is a typical nocturnal migrating insect,and nocturnal migrating insects are most likely to use the geomagnetic field as the directional signal in the dark,which indicates that they have the ability of magnetic response.In this study,NlCry1,NlCry2 and potential magnetic receptor protein gene NlMagR were selected as the key genes of magnetic response in adult brown planthoppers,and RNA interference technology was used to inhibit the single key magnetic response genes’expression by injection of double stranded RNA.Then the RNAi treated adults were immediately transformed into the Nanjing geomagnetic field(GMF:49 μT)and near-zero magnetic field(NZMF:1.8 μT)respectively to observe their longevity and fecundity.By comparing the changes of longevity and fecundity,the response of three keymagnetic response genes to the changes of magnetic field,the regulation of longevity and fecundity,and the interaction between genes are investigated.It lays a foundation for further understanding of magnetic receptors and magnetic response biological pathways.1.The interference effects of key magnetic response genes on the longevity of brown planthopper under near-zero magnetic fieldNewly emerged brachypterous female and male adults of BPHs were chosen as the experimental material,and and RNAi technology was used to inhibit the expression of NlCry1,NlCry2 and NlMagR.The longevity of test insects under GMF and NZMF was compared to explore the regulation of gene-magnetic field interaction on the longevity of brown planthoppers.Results showed that there was no significant difference in the longevity of female and male adults after the injection of dsNlCry1 between the treatments of NZMF and GMF,while after the injection of dsNlCry2,the longevity of female and male adults under NZMF was significantly longer than that of the individuals under GMF,respectively(27.78%and 50.04%).Moreover,the longevity of female adults injected with dsNlCry2 was shorter under GMF(2.59%)while longer under NZMF(13.07%)than that of individuals injected with dsGFP,even if the difference was not significant.The longevity of male adults injected with dsNlCry2 was shorter than that of individuals injected with dsGFP under NZMF and GMF,respectively(25.41%and 10.73%),and the difference under GMF reached the significant level.Furthermore,the longevity of female adults injected with dsNlMagR was significantly shorter than that of individuals injected with dsGFP under the NZMF(16.48%),while there was no significant difference in the longevity of male adults between magnetic field and interference treatment.2.The interference effects of key magnetic response genes on the fecundity of brown planthopper under near-zero magnetic fieldNewly emerged brachypterous female adults of brown planthoppers were chosen as the experimental material,and and RNAi technology was used to inhibit the expression of NlCry1,NlCry2 and NlMagR.Changes in fecundity(oviposition and hatchability)of the test insects under GMF and NZMF were compared.On this basis,RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of fecundity related genes in brown planthopper after NlMagR interference.The results showed that:Under GMF and NZMF,the fecundity of brown planthoppers after NlCryl and NlCry2 interference was not significantly changed under the two magnetic fields,while interference with NlMagR significantly reduced the fecundity of brown planthoppers.To be specific,their oviposition decreased by 65.34%and 74.52%,and their hatching rate decreased by 96.93%and 95.75%,respectively.Further studies showed that the absence of NlMagR reduced the expression levels of NlVG and Nl00460,resulting in a significant decrease in the oviposition and the hatchability,respectively.In addition,the interaction between NlMagR interference and magnetic field can significantly affect the expression of NlVG and Nl00460,which reflects the response of NlMagR to the change of magnetic field.3.The interaction among three key magnetic response genes in brown planthopper—a case study of female adultsNewly emerged brachypterous female adults of brown planthoppers were chosen as the experimental material,and and RNAi technology was used to inhibit the expression of NlCry1,NlCry2 and NlMagR.In order to explore the interaction of three key magnetic response genes,the expression levels of the other two genes were compared after interfering with one gene.The results showed that the interference with one NlCry could lead to up-regulated expression of the other NlCry in a short time.In addition,the interference with NlMagR would lead to the continuous down-regulation of two NlCrys’expression.However,the effect of interfering two NlCrys on the expression of NlMagR was irregular.In addition,the interaction between the two NlCrys and the one-way regulation of NlMagR on the two NlCrys were not affected by the change of magnetic field.
Keywords/Search Tags:Nilaparvata lugens, Near-zero magnetic field, Longevity, Fecundity, Key magnetic response genes, Magnetic bio-effect
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