Effects Of Calcium On The Growth And Physiological Characteristics Of Fig

In recent years,studies have shown that the appropriate concentration of calcium can promote plant growth and development,enhance leaf photosynthesis and improve fruit quality.The fig can not only provide rich nutrition for the humans,but also increase farmers’ income and create significant economic values.In this study,to provide theoretical basis for improving growth and fruit quality of fig using calcium,we investigated the effects of different concentrations of calcium on growth and physiological characteristics of potted and field figs.We used ’Branrick’ seedlings as materials for the experiments of potted fig seedlings.We designed 1-8 mmol/L four different concentrations of calcium treatments,and investigated and compared the effects of different concentrations of calcium nitrate on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of fig seedlings to choose the appropriate application concentration of calcium in the cultivation of fig seedlings.Results showed that application of 1-8 mmol/L different concentrations of calcium in 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution to potted fig seedlings promoted the growth of new shoots and leaves,increased the relative content of chlorophyll in leaves,improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and roots,and enhanced the accumulation of mineral elements in leaves and roots.Moreover,the chlorophyll fluorescence value of the fig leaves increased after the calcium treatment,and the activity of the photosystem reaction center also increased.In addition,calcium treatment enhanced the absorbed,captured and transferred energy per unit of both leaf area and active reaction center,and increased the overall photosynthetic performance index.Fluorescence(Vj),the maximum shutdown rate of the PSⅡ reaction center,and the energy dissipation of heat dissipation were decreased.Among them,effect of 4 mmol/L calcium treatment was the best.These results indicate that suitable calcium treatment can promote the growth of fig seedlings and significantly improve the photosynthetic properties of the leaves.For the field experiment,two kinds of fig varieties were used as materials,and four treatments,water control and 100-300 mmol/L three different concentrations of calcium nitrate,were designed to investigate the effects of calcium on the photosynthesis and fruit quality of figs and screen the appropriate concentration of exogenous calcium in the field production of fig.The main results are as follows.Root application of different concentrations of calcium nitrate increased the relative content of chlorophyll and mineral elements in fig leaves,and promoted the absorption and utilization of light in field fig leaves.Moreover,calcium treatment increased the single fruit weight and the yield of the figs.Furthermore,the content of soluble solids,soluble sugars and vitamin C in figs was improved,compared with the control,suggesting the improvement of fruit quality by calcium treatment.Among them,effect of 200 mmol/L calcium treatment was the best.These results indicate that calcium treatment can increase the photosynthetic capacity of fig leaves,enhance fruit yield,and improve fig quality.The results of pot experiment and field experiment showed that adding proper concentration of calcium during the growth of fig can enhance the photosynthesis of leaves,promote plant growth,and improve fruit quality.This indicates that exogenous calcium treatment can regulate the growth and development of fig plants and improve fruit quality.