Effects Of Fermented Feed On Growth Performance,colonic Microbial Fermentation And Liver Metabolism In Weaned Piglets

The present study explored the effect of fermented feed on the performance,colonic fermentation,microbial community,and liver metabolism in weaned piglets1.Effects of fermented feed on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical parameters in weaned pigletsThe present study was carried out to explore effects of fermented feed on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and serum biochemical parameters in weaned piglets.A total of 320 crossbred weaning pigs(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)were used for the experiments immediately after weaning at 28±2 d of age with body weight(BW)of 7.38±0.24 kg.Piglets were allotted to two dietary treatments(8 replicates per group,20 pigs per replicate).The NF group(only fed with complete formula feed)and the F group(92.5%complete formula feed and 7.5%fermented feed).The pre-feeding period 3 days,trial period 21 days.The results showed that compared with the NF group,the fermented feed significantly increased feed intake(P=0.002)and daily weight gain(P=0.016)in the first week and significantly increased the daily weight gain of piglets after two weeks(P=0.006).As compared with the NF group,the fermented feed significantly increased the feed intake(P=0.028)and daily weight gain(P=0.001).In addition,feeding the fermented feed significantly increased the utilization rate of phosphorus in piglets(P=0.020)and increased the crude protein digestibility(P=0.053)compared with the NF group.The fermented feed also significantly increased the concentration of serum glutathione reductase(P=0.042),while decreased the concentration of LPS in serum(P=0.027)and feces(P=0.003).In general,our findings showed that fermented feed could improve the growth performance and antioxidant capacity in piglets.2.Effects of fermented feed on colonic microbial fermentation and microbial community in pigletsThe present study was carried out to explore effects of fermented feed on colonic microbial fermentation and microbial community in piglets.The experiment design is the same as(1).8 replicates per group were slaughtered at the end of experiment,colonic digesta samples were collected,and microbial DNA was extracted for high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that fermented feed significantly reduced the concentration of acetic acid(P=0.031)and total volatile fatty acids(P=0.048)in the colon of the piglets compared with the control group.High-throughput sequencing results showed that the diversity and structure of the bacterial flora in the two groups were similar.Fermented feed significantly reduced the relative abundance of unclassified RF16(P=0.021)and Alloprevotella(P=0.048)in the colon of piglets compared to the control group.Our data revealed that the fermented feed slowed the fermentation rate of microorganisms in the colon and changed the colonic microbial community in piglets.3.Effects of fermented feed on liver metabome in pigletsThe present study was carried out to explore effects of fermented feed on the liver metabome in piglets.The experiment design is the same as(1).8 replicates per group were slaughtered at the end of experiment,liver samples were collected,and metabolomic analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry LC-MS showed that compared with the F diet,the NF diet significantly decreased LysoPC and Pregnenolon.as well as increasing Phytanic acid、N-palmitoyl phenylalanine、D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate、Luteolin7-glucuronide-4’-rhamnoside、N-docosahexaenoyl phenylalanine were significantly increased(P<0.05).Through the Pathway analysis of selected metabolites,Oxidation of Branched Chain Fatty Acids、Phytanic Acid Peroxisomal Oxidation、Warburg Effect、Pentose Phosphate Pathway、Steroidogenesis.The results demonstrate that the long-term feeding of fermented feed can reduce the content of lipids in the liver by changing the composition of liver metabome.As well as increasing Oxidation of Bra nched Chain Fatty Acids,may be benefit for liver health.